Diabetes Care, Vol 17, Issue 3 177-182, Copyright © 1994 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

The high-monounsaturated fat diet as a practical alternative for NIDDM

LV Campbell, PE Marmot, JA Dyer, M Borkman and LH Storlien
Diabetes Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

OBJECTIVE--To examine the dietary preferences of and metabolic effects in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) of a home-prepared high-monounsaturated fat (HM) diet compared with the recommended high-carbohydrate (CHO) diet. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--Ten men with mild NIDDM prepared HM and high-CHO diets at home alternately and in random order for 2 weeks each with a minimum 1-week washout. Before and after each diet, 24-h urine glucose, fasting lipids, fructosamine, and 6-h profiles of glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were measured. Dietary preferences were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS--In the HM diet, patients consumed 40% of energy intake as CHO and 38% as fat (21% monounsaturated) compared with 52 and 24%, respectively, in the high-CHO diet, with equal dietary fiber content. Body weight and total energy intake were similar in both. The HM diet resulted in significantly lower 24-h urinary glucose excretion, fasting triglyceride, and mean profile glucose levels. The fructosamine levels, the fasting total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the prandial triglyceride concentrations did not differ significantly as a result of the diets. The two diets did not differ in ratings for overall acceptance, taste, cost, ease of preparation, variety, or satiety. CONCLUSIONS--Prepared at home, the HM diet was, in the short-term, metabolically better in some aspects than the currently recommended diet for NIDDM. It also provided a palatable alternative.
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