Diabetes Care, Vol 20, Issue 9 1422-1425, Copyright © 1997 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

The epidemiology of diabetes in pregnant Native Canadians. A risk profile

SB Harris, LE Caulfield, ME Sugamori, EA Whalen and B Henning
Department of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. sharris1@julian.uwo.ca

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and NIDDM) and to identify risk factors in the development of GDM in a native population in northwestern Ontario, Canada. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 1,305 singleton deliveries among Ojibwa-Cree women from northwestern Ontario, Canada, was conducted from 1990 to 1993 inclusive. GDM was diagnosed using a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and defined according to standard guidelines. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy (NIDDM and GDM) was 11.6% (152 of 1,305) with a GDM prevalence of 8.4% (110 of 1,305). Among 741 women with complete data, prevalence rates increased with age, peaking at 46.9% in the age-group > or = 35 years. Significant risk factors for GDM included older maternal age, multiparity, prepregnancy obesity, a family history of diabetes, and a history of GDM in previous pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes in pregnancy among Ojibwa-Cree reported here represent the highest rates reported to date in a Canadian population. The high rates of maternal obesity and relative young age of this population further highlight the urgent need for diabetes screening and prevention in this population.
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