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Diabetes Care, Vol 22, Issue 7 1071-1076, Copyright © 1999 by American Diabetes Association
Depressive symptoms and occurrence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese men
N Kawakami, N Takatsuka, H Shimizu and H Ishibashi
Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan. norito@cc.gifu-u.ac.jp
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and the
incidence of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In 1984, 2,764
male employees of an electrical company in Japan completed a
self-administered questionnaire including the Zung Self-Rating Depression
Scale (SDS). They were followed for the next 8 years, and 2,380 (86%)
responded to the follow-up survey in 1992. During the follow-up survey,
occurrence of type 2 diabetes was diagnosed according to World Health
Organization criteria. RESULTS: A total of 41 cases of type 2 diabetes were
identified during the 8-year follow-up survey. After controlling for other
known risk factors for type 2 diabetes, a proportional hazard analysis
indicated that subjects who had moderate or severe levels of depressive
symptoms (> or = 48 on the SDS) at baseline had a 2.3 times higher risk
of having type 2 diabetes at the follow-up survey than those who were not
depressed (< or = 39 on the SDS) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Depressive
symptoms may be associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes.

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Copyright © 1999 by the American Diabetes Association.
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