Diabetes Care
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Pozzilli, P.
Right arrow Articles by Di Mario, U.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Pozzilli, P.
Right arrow Articles by Di Mario, U.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?
Diabetes Care 24:1460-1467, 2001
© 2001 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.

Reviews/Commentaries/Position Statements
Review Article

Autoimmune Diabetes Not Requiring Insulin at Diagnosis (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult)

Definition, characterization, and potential prevention

Paolo Pozzilli, MD1 and Umberto Di Mario, MD2

1 Università Campus Biomedico and the
2 Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune-mediated destruction of islet insulin-secreting ß-cells. This chronic destructive process is associated with both cellular and humoral immune changes in the peripheral blood that can be detected months or even years before the onset of clinical diabetes. Throughout this prediabetic period, metabolic changes, including altered glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion, deteriorate at variable rates and eventually result in clinical diabetes. A fraction of individuals with humoral immunological changes have clinical diabetes that initially is not insulin-requiring. The onset of diabetes in these patients is usually in adult life, and because their diabetes is at least initially not insulin-requiring, they appear clinically to be affected by type 2 diabetes. Such patients probably have the same disease process as patients with type 1 diabetes in that they have similar HLA genetic susceptibility as well as autoantibodies to islet antigens, low insulin secretion, and a higher rate of progression to insulin dependency. These patients are defined as being affected by an autoimmune type of diabetes not requiring insulin at diagnosis, which is also named latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult (LADA). Special attention should be paid to diagnose such patients because therapy may influence the speed of progression toward insulin dependency, and in this respect, efforts should be made to protect residual C-peptide secretion. LADA can serve as a model for designing new strategies for prevention of type 1 diabetes but also as a target group for prevention in its own right.

Abbreviations: ICA, islet cell antibodies • LADA, latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult • SU, sulfonylurea • UKPDS, U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
T. Maruyama, S. Tanaka, A. Shimada, O. Funae, A. Kasuga, A. Kanatsuka, I. Takei, S. Yamada, N. Harii, H. Shimura, et al.
Insulin Intervention in Slowly Progressive Insulin-Dependent (Type 1) Diabetes Mellitus
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2008; 93(6): 2115 - 2121.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
C. Tiberti, C. Giordano, M. Locatelli, E. Bosi, G. F. Bottazzo, R. Buzzetti, D. Cucinotta, A. Galluzzo, A. Falorni, and F. Dotta
Identification of Tyrosine Phosphatase 2(256-760) Construct as a New, Sensitive Marker for the Detection of Islet Autoimmunity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: The Non-Insulin Requiring Autoimmune Diabetes (NIRAD) Study 2
Diabetes, May 1, 2008; 57(5): 1276 - 1283.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch DermatolHome page
S. A. Birlea, P. R. Fain, and R. A. Spritz
A Romanian Population Isolate With High Frequency of Vitiligo and Associated Autoimmune Diseases
Arch Dermatol, March 1, 2008; 144(3): 310 - 316.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DOC NewsHome page
GAD Antibody Testing in Gestational Diabetes: Worth It?
DOC News, January 1, 2008; 5(1): 4 - 4.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
A. de Leiva, D. Mauricio, and R. Corcoy
Diabetes-Related Autoantibodies and Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes Care, July 1, 2007; 30(Supplement_2): S127 - S133.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
G. E. Umpierrez
Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetes: Time to revise the classification of diabetes
Diabetes Care, December 1, 2006; 29(12): 2755 - 2757.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child.Home page
T Reinehr, E Schober, S Wiegand, A Thon, R Holl, and on behalf of the DPV-Wiss Study Group
{beta}-cell autoantibodies in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus: subgroup or misclassification?
Arch. Dis. Child., June 1, 2006; 91(6): 473 - 477.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
S. Fourlanos, C. Perry, M. S. Stein, J. Stankovich, L. C. Harrison, and P. G. Colman
A Clinical Screening Tool Identifies Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Diabetes Care, May 1, 2006; 29(5): 970 - 975.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. D. G. Leslie, R. Williams, and P. Pozzilli
Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: One End of the Rainbow
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 1654 - 1659.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
G. E. Umpierrez, D. Smiley, and A. E. Kitabchi
Narrative review: ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Ann Intern Med, March 7, 2006; 144(5): 350 - 357.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur J EndocrinolHome page
S Genovese, E Bazzigaluppi, D Goncalves, A Ciucci, M G Cavallo, F Purrello, M Anello, C M Rotella, G Bardini, O Vaccaro, et al.
Clinical phenotype and {beta}-cell autoimmunity in Italian patients with adult-onset diabetes.
Eur. J. Endocrinol., March 1, 2006; 154(3): 441 - 447.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
I. Y. Jarvela, J. Juutinen, P. Koskela, A.-L. Hartikainen, P. Kulmala, M. Knip, and J. S. Tapanainen
Gestational Diabetes Identifies Women at Risk for Permanent Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Fertile Age: Predictive role of autoantibodies.
Diabetes Care, March 1, 2006; 29(3): 607 - 612.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
G. Stenstrom, A. Gottsater, E. Bakhtadze, B. Berger, and G. Sundkvist
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: Definition, Prevalence, {beta}-Cell Function, and Treatment
Diabetes, December 1, 2005; 54(suppl_2): S68 - S72.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
G. Bruno, C. Runzo, P. Cavallo-Perin, F. Merletti, M. Rivetti, S. Pinach, G. Novelli, M. Trovati, F. Cerutti, G. Pagano, et al.
Incidence of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Adults Aged 30-49 Years: The population-based registry in the province of Turin, Italy
Diabetes Care, November 1, 2005; 28(11): 2613 - 2619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
P. W. S. Rosario, J. S. Reis, R. Amim, T. A. Fagundes, M. R. Calsolari, S. C. Silva, and S. Purisch
Comparison of Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics Between Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Diabetes Care, July 1, 2005; 28(7): 1803 - 1804.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
P. W. S. Rosario, J. S. Reis, M. A. Borges, R. Amim, M. R. Calsolari, S. C. Silva, and S. Purisch
Extrapancreatic Autoimmunity in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults
Diabetes Care, February 1, 2005; 28(2): 496 - 497.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
R. D. G. Leslie and M. D. Castelli
Age-Dependent Influences on the Origins of Autoimmune Diabetes: Evidence and Implications
Diabetes, December 1, 2004; 53(12): 3033 - 3040.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
X. Palomer, D. Mauricio, J. Rodriguez-Espinosa, E. Zapico, C. Mayoral, F. Gonzalez-Sastre, A. de Leiva, and F. Blanco-Vaca
Evaluation of Two Nonisotopic Immunoassays for Determination of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Tyrosine Phosphatase Autoantibodies in Serum
Clin. Chem., August 1, 2004; 50(8): 1378 - 1382.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. E. Kitabchi
Ketosis-Prone Diabetes--A New Subgroup of Patients with Atypical Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5087 - 5089.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Maldonado, C. S. Hampe, L. K. Gaur, S. D'Amico, D. Iyer, L. P. Hammerle, D. Bolgiano, L. Rodriguez, A. Rajan, A. Lernmark, et al.
Ketosis-Prone Diabetes: Dissection of a Heterogeneous Syndrome Using an Immunogenetic and {beta}-Cell Functional Classification, Prospective Analysis, and Clinical Outcomes
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5090 - 5098.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
J. Ruxer, M. Mozdzan, L. Czupryniak, and J. Loba
Long-Term Discontinuation of Insulin Treatment in a Type 1 Diabetic Patient: A case for late autoimmune diabetes of the adult?
Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1314 - 1315.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. DiabetesHome page
J. R. White Jr., S. N. Davis, R. Cooppan, M. B. Davidson, K. Mulcahy, G. A. Manko, and D. Nelinson
Clarifying the Role of Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes Management
Clin. Diabetes, January 1, 2003; 21(1): 14 - 21.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
M. O. Larsen, B. Rolin, M. Wilken, R. D. Carr, and C. F. Gotfredsen
Measurements of Insulin Secretory Capacity and Glucose Tolerance to Predict Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Mass In Vivo in the Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Gottingen Minipig, a Model of Moderate Insulin Deficiency and Diabetes
Diabetes, January 1, 2003; 52(1): 118 - 123.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J EpidemiolHome page
G. Stenstrom, B. Berger, H. Borg, P. Fernlund, J. S. Dorman, and G. Sundkvist
HLA-DQ Genotypes in Classic Type 1 Diabetes and in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult
Am. J. Epidemiol., November 1, 2002; 156(9): 787 - 796.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
B. Szepietowska, M. Szelachowska, and I. Kinalska
Do Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult (LADA) Patients Require Insulin at Diagnosis?: Response to Pozzilli and Di Mario
Diabetes Care, September 1, 2002; 25(9): 1662 - 1663.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. O. Larsen, M. Wilken, C. F. Gotfredsen, R. D. Carr, O. Svendsen, and B. Rolin
Mild streptozotocin diabetes in the Gottingen minipig. A novel model of moderate insulin deficiency and diabetes
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2002; 282(6): E1342 - E1351.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DiabetesHome page
A. Festa, R. D'Agostino Jr, R. P. Tracy, and S. M. Haffner
Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study
Diabetes, April 1, 2002; 51(4): 1131 - 1137.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
D. B. Sacks, D. E. Bruns, D. E. Goldstein, N. K. Maclaren, J. M. McDonald, and M. Parrott
Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Clin. Chem., March 1, 2002; 48(3): 436 - 472.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Diabetes Diabetes Care Clinical Diabetes Diabetes Spectrum
Copyright © 2001 by the American Diabetes Association.