|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
© 2002 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Epidemiology/Health Services/Psychosocial Research |
The Impact of Cardiovascular Disease on Medical Care Costs in Subjects With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
From the Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon.
OBJECTIVE—We examined whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects medical care costs differently in subjects with and without diabetes and explored the impact of CVD on costs across the dimensions of age and diabetes duration.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We compared the prevalence of CVD and medical care costs for subjects with and without CVD in all 16,180 full-year health maintenance organization members in 1999 who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and in control members matched by year of birth and sex. We ascertained diagnoses from the Kaiser Permanente Northwest Region’s electronic ambulatory medical record and from hospital discharge datafiles. Utilization from these and other data systems were multiplied by unit costs.
RESULTS—CVD was 76% more prevalent in subjects with diabetes, but the risk ratios of more severe forms of CVD were even greater. Risk ratios for CVD were greatest in younger subjects. Cost profiles for subjects with both CVD and diabetes differed markedly from those with diabetes but without CVD. In the latter group, costs grew steadily with age, whereas in the former group, costs peaked in the 55- to 64-year age group before declining with age.
CONCLUSIONS—The types of CVD present in diabetic patients are more likely to be more severe and therefore more costly than in similar subjects without diabetes. CVD also disproportionately affects younger diabetic subjects. Finally, when CVD is present in diabetes, more costs occur earlier in life as well as earlier in the course of diabetes.
Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease • HMO, health maintenance organization • KPNW, Kaiser Permanente Northwest.
CiteULike 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. A. Nichols, C. M. Gullion, C. E. Koro, S. A. Ephross, and J. B. Brown The Incidence of Congestive Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes: An update Diabetes Care, August 1, 2004; 27(8): 1879 - 1884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Olveira-Fuster, P. Olvera-Marquez, F. Carral-Sanlaureano, S. Gonzalez-Romero, M. Aguilar-Diosdado, and F. Soriguer-Escofet Excess Hospitalizations, Hospital Days, and Inpatient Costs Among People With Diabetes in Andalusia, Spain Diabetes Care, August 1, 2004; 27(8): 1904 - 1909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Fetterolf and R. West The Business Case for Quality: Combining Medical Literature Research with Health Plan Data to Establish Value for Nonclinical Managers American Journal of Medical Quality, March 1, 2004; 19(2): 48 - 55. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Brandle, H. Zhou, B. R.K. Smith, D. Marriott, R. Burke, B. P. Tabaei, M. B. Brown, and W. H. Herman The Direct Medical Cost of Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, August 1, 2003; 26(8): 2300 - 2304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. H. Simpson, P. Corabian, P. Jacobs, and J. A. Johnson The cost of major comorbidity in people with diabetes mellitus Can. Med. Assoc. J., June 24, 2003; 168(13): 1661 - 1667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. B. Davidson The Case for "Outsourcing" Diabetes Care Diabetes Care, May 1, 2003; 26(5): 1608 - 1612. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Egede Lifestyle Modification to Improve Blood Pressure Control in Individuals With Diabetes: Is physician advice effective? Diabetes Care, March 1, 2003; 26(3): 602 - 607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Diabetes | Diabetes Care | Clinical Diabetes | Diabetes Spectrum |