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© 2003 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Pathophysiology/Complications |
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes
Prospective study of Japanese men
1 Tokyo Gas Health Promotion Center, Tokyo, Japan
2 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
3 Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
4 Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo University, Tochigi, Japan
5 The Cooper Institute, Dallas, Texas
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Susumu S. Sawada, PhD, Tokyo Gas Health Promotion Center, Tokyo, 1-5-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8527, Japan. E-mail: s-sawada{at}tokyo-gas.co.jp
OBJECTIVE—To investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese men.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This prospective cohort study was conducted in 4,747 nondiabetic Japanese men, aged 20–40 years at baseline, enrolled in 1985 with follow-up to June 1999. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using a cycle ergometer test, and Vo2max was estimated. During a 14-year follow-up, 280 men developed type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS—The age-adjusted relative risks of developing type 2 diabetes across quartiles of cardiorespiratory fitness (lowest to highest) were 1.0 (referent), 0.56 (95% CI 0.42–0.75), 0.35 (0.25–0.50), and 0.25 (0.17–0.37) (for trend, P < 0.001). After further adjustment for BMI, systolic blood pressure, family history of diabetes, smoking status, and alcohol intake, the association between type 2 diabetes risk and cardiorespiratory fitness was attenuated but remained significant (1.0, 0.78, 0.63, and 0.56, respectively; for trend, P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS—These results indicate that a low cardiorespiratory fitness level is an important risk factor for incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese men.
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