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Contribution of Visceral Adiposity to the Exaggerated Postprandial Lipemia of Men With Impaired Glucose Tolerance

¹ Québec Heart Institute, Laval Hospital Research Center, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
² Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
³ Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
⁴ Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
⁵ Division of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jean-Pierre Després, PhD, FAHA, Director of Research, Québec Heart Institute, Laval Hospital Research Center, 2725, chemin Ste-Foy, Pavilion Marguerite-D’Youville, 4th Floor, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4G5. E-mail: jean-pierre.despres{at}crhl.ulaval.ca

OBJECTIVE—Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has been associated with alterations in numerous coronary heart disease risk factors, including postprandial hyperlipidemia. An excess visceral adipose tissue accumulation is also predictive of IGT and of an exaggerated postprandial lipemia. The objective of the present study was therefore to compare the respective contributions of visceral adipose tissue accumulation versus IGT with the variation in postprandial lipemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Potential differences in postprandial triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) levels following a standardized breakfast with a high fat content were examined among men characterized by normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or IGT. Sixty-seven men were classified according to their glucose tolerance status (<7.8 mmol/l [NGT] or between 7.8 and 11.1 mmol/l [IGT] 2 h after a 75-g oral glucose test).

RESULTS—Men with IGT showed the highest TRL-TG concentrations (P < 0.05) at the 4-, 6-, and 8-h time points compared with men with NGT. These higher postprandial TRL-TG levels among men with IGT were also accompanied by a greater postprandial TG total area under the incremental curve in all TRL fractions (large, medium, and small) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, subjects characterized by IGT had also the highest visceral adipose tissue accumulation (P < 0.009). When subgroups of IGT and NGT men were individually matched (n = 11) for similar visceral adipose tissue accumulation, no significant difference was found in postprandial responses of all TRL-TG fractions between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS—These results provide evidence that visceral adipose tissue accumulation is an important factor involved in the deterioration of postprandial lipemia noted among men with IGT.

Abbreviations: apo, apolipoprotein • AUIC, area under the incremental curve • CHD, coronary heart disease • IGT, impaired glucose tolerance • NGT, normal glucose tolerance • OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test • TG, triglyceride • TRL, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein

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