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Dietary Fat Predicts Coronary Heart Disease Events in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
² Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
³ Research and Development Center, Social Insurance Institution, Turku, Finland

OBJECTIVE—To investigate whether quantity or quality of dietary fat predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events in middle-aged type 2 diabetic subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The dietary habits of 366 type 2 diabetic men and 295 women, aged 45–64 years and free from CHD, were assessed with a 53-item food frequency questionnaire. They were followed up for 7 years.

RESULTS—Men in the highest tertile of the polyunsaturated/saturated fat (P/S) ratio (>0.28) had a significantly lower risk for CHD death than men in the two lowest tertiles (5.0 vs. 14.2%, P = 0.009). The risk for all CHD events was 14.2 vs. 23.2%, respectively (P = 0.044). P/S ratio did not predict CHD events in women. In Cox multiple regression analyses taking into account other cardiovascular risk factors, the highest P/S ratio tertile was associated with the lowest rate of CHD death in men (P = 0.048).

CONCLUSIONS—Low P/S ratio in men predicted future CHD events in type 2 diabetic subjects independently of conventional CHD risk factors.

Abbreviations: CHD, coronary heart disease • DH, dietary history interview • FFQ, food frequency questionnaire • FR, food record • MI, myocardial infarction • MUFA, monounsaturated fat acid • P/S, polyunsaturated/saturated fat • PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid • SAFA, saturated fatty acid

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