HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Sciacqua, A. Articles by Perticone, F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Sciacqua, A. Articles by Perticone, F. Social Bookmarking                What's this?

Weight Loss in Combination With Physical Activity Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Obesity

¹ Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine "G. Salvatore," University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
² Italian National Research Centers on Aging, Cosenza, Italy

OBJECTIVE—To test whether weight loss may improve endothelial dysfunction in human obesity, we recruited 28 healthy obese subjects, aged 30–46 years, with BMI 30–43 kg/m².

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were investigated by intra-arterial infusion of increasing doses of acetylcholine (ACh; 7.5, 15, and 30 µg · ml^-1 · min^-1) and sodium nitroprusside (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 µg · ml^-1 · min^-1). Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Weight loss was obtained by caloric restriction and physical activity.

RESULTS—We observed a significant reduction in BMI (from 33.1 ± 4.2 to 27.5 ± 4.5 kg/m², -16.9%, P < 0.0001) and in waist circumference (from 108.2 ± 12.1 to 96.8 ± 12.9 cm, -10.5%, P < 0.0001). Weight loss was also associated with a significant increase in ACh-stimulated forearm blood flow (FBF), from 7.4 ± 2.8 to 12.9 ± 3.4 ml · 100 ml^-1 of tissue · min^-1 kg/m² (P < 0.0001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the only independent predictor of FBF was HOMA, accounting for 44.5% of the variation, whereas the addition of BMI explained another 2.3% of the variation.

CONCLUSIONS—Our data demonstrate that energy-restricted diet associated with physical activity induce a significant and clinically relevant improvement in ACh-stimulated vasodilation in obese healthy subjects.

Abbreviations: ACh, acetylcholine • BP, blood pressure • FBF, forearm blood flow • HOMA, homeostasis model assessment • IR, insulin resistance • SNP, sodium nitroprusside • SNS, sympathetic nervous system • VR, vascular resistance • WHR, waist-to-hip ratio

CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. L. Pierce, S. D. Beske, B. R. Lawson, K. L. Southall, F. J. Benay, A. J. Donato, and D. R. Seals Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight/Obese Adults Hypertension, July 1, 2008; 52(1): 72 - 79. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Phillips, J. W. Jurva, A. Q. Syed, A. Q. Syed, J. P. Kulinski, J. Pleuss, R. G. Hoffmann, and D. D. Gutterman Benefit of Low-Fat Over Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Endothelial Health in Obesity Hypertension, February 1, 2008; 51(2): 376 - 382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. McLaughlin, M. Stuhlinger, C. Lamendola, F. Abbasi, J. Bialek, G. M. Reaven, and P. S. Tsao Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Concentrations Are Elevated in Obese Insulin-Resistant Women and Fall with Weight Loss J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 1896 - 1900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Hesse, H. Siedler, S. P. Luntz, B. M. Arendt, R. Goerlich, R. Fricker, M. Heer, and W. E. Haefeli Modulation of endothelial and smooth muscle function by bed rest and hypoenergetic, low-fat nutrition J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2005; 99(6): 2196 - 2203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Krzyzanowska, F. Mittermayer, H.-P. Kopp, M. Wolzt, and G. Schernthaner Weight Loss Reduces Circulating Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine Concentrations in Morbidly Obese Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2004; 89(12): 6277 - 6281. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J Green, A. Maiorana, G. O'Driscoll, and R. Taylor Effect of exercise training on endothelium-derived nitric oxide function in humans J. Physiol., November 15, 2004; 561(1): 1 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Raitakari, T. Ilvonen, M. Ahotupa, T. Lehtimaki, A. Harmoinen, P. Suominen, J. Elo, J. Hartiala, and O. T. Raitakari Weight Reduction With Very-Low-Caloric Diet and Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults: Role of Plasma Glucose Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2004; 24(1): 124 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Esposito, C. Di Palo, R. Marfella, and D. Giugliano The Effect of Weight Loss on Endothelial Functions in Obesity: Response to Sciacqua et al. Diabetes Care, October 1, 2003; 26(10): 2968 - 2969. [Full Text] [PDF]