|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
© 2003 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition |
Changes in Aerobic Capacity and Visceral Fat but not Myocyte Lipid Levels Predict Increased Insulin Action After Exercise in Overweight and Obese Men
1 Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
2 Renal Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
OBJECTIVE—To examine the effect of moderate intensity physical activity on the interactions between central abdominal adiposity, myocyte lipid content, and insulin action in overweight and obese, sedentary men.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Myocyte lipid (biochemical triglyceride and long-chain acyl CoA [LCAC] from vastus lateralis biopsy and soleus and tibialis anterior intramyocellular lipid by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy), regional body and abdominal fat (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging), serum lipids, insulin action (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), and substrate oxidation were measured in 18 nondiabetic, sedentary, and overweight to obese men (aged 37.4 ± 1.3 years and BMI 30.9 ± 0.7 kg/m2, range 26.4–37.6) at baseline, after the first two to four bouts of aerobic exercise (55–70% of VO2max for 40 min/session), and at completion of 4.1 ± 0.2 exercise sessions/week for 9.7 ± 0.5 weeks (postexercise measurements performed 24–36 h after the last exercise bout).
RESULTS—Mean whole body insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and basal fat oxidation rate increased 16 and 41%, respectively, after two to four bouts of exercise, without further increase at program end. Mean aerobic capacity increased 11%, and central abdominal fat decreased 5% at program end, but myocyte lipid levels were not significantly changed. Posttraining increases in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were predicted by increase in aerobic capacity (r = 0.726, P = 0.001) and magnitude of reduction in visceral fat (r = -0.544, P = 0.02) and not by changes in myocyte lipid or LCAC levels.
CONCLUSIONS—These results suggest that in overweight and obese sedentary men, increase in insulin sensitivity with moderate intensity exercise is predicted by improvement in aerobic capacity and reduction in visceral fat but is independent of myocyte triglyceride or LCAC levels.
Abbreviations: DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry • FFM, fat-free mass • 1H-MRS, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic • IMCL, intramyocellular lipid • LCAC, long-chain acyl CoA • SAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue • TAT, total abdominal adipose tissue • VAT, visceral adipose tissue
CiteULike 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. P. Thyfault Setting the stage: possible mechanisms by which acute contraction restores insulin sensitivity in muscle Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): R1103 - R1110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S F E Praet, R A M Jonkers, G Schep, C D A Stehouwer, H Kuipers, H A Keizer, and L J van Loon Long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with complications respond well to short-term resistance and interval exercise training Eur. J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2008; 158(2): 163 - 172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. F. Zoeller JR Physical Activity and Obesity: Their Interaction and Implications for Disease Risk and the Role of Physical Activity in Healthy Weight Management American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, December 1, 2007; 1(6): 437 - 446. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. K. Heilbronn, S. K. Gan, N. Turner, L. V. Campbell, and D. J. Chisholm Markers of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Metabolism Are Lower in Overweight and Obese Insulin-Resistant Subjects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2007; 92(4): 1467 - 1473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. P. Weiss and J. O. Holloszy Improvements in Body Composition, Glucose Tolerance, and Insulin Action Induced by Increasing Energy Expenditure or Decreasing Energy Intake J. Nutr., April 1, 2007; 137(4): 1087 - 1090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Thyfault, M. G. Cree, D. Zheng, J. J. Zwetsloot, E. B. Tapscott, T. R. Koves, O. Ilkayeva, R. R. Wolfe, D. M. Muoio, and G. L. Dohm Contraction of insulin-resistant muscle normalizes insulin action in association with increased mitochondrial activity and fatty acid catabolism Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, February 1, 2007; 292(2): C729 - C739. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. E Saelens, R. J Seeley, K. van Schaick, L. F Donnelly, and K. J O'Brien Visceral abdominal fat is correlated with whole-body fat and physical activity among 8-y-old children at risk of obesity Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2007; 85(1): 46 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Klimcakova, J. Polak, C. Moro, J. Hejnova, M. Majercik, N. Viguerie, M. Berlan, D. Langin, and V. Stich Dynamic Strength Training Improves Insulin Sensitivity without Altering Plasma Levels and Gene Expression of Adipokines in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2006; 91(12): 5107 - 5112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. P Weiss, S. B Racette, D. T Villareal, L. Fontana, K. Steger-May, K. B Schechtman, S. Klein, J. O Holloszy, and and the Washington University School of Medicine C Improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin action induced by increasing energy expenditure or decreasing energy intake: a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2006; 84(5): 1033 - 1042. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Kiens Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism in Exercise and Insulin Resistance Physiol Rev, January 1, 2006; 86(1): 205 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. D. Kriketos, G. S. Denyer, C. H. Thompson, and L. V. Campbell Intramyocellular Lipid Is Not Significantly Increased in Healthy Young Insulin Resistant First-Degree Relatives of Diabetic Subjects Diabetes Care, September 1, 2005; 28(9): 2332 - 2333. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Poynten, S. K. Gan, A. D. Kriketos, L. V. Campbell, and D. J. Chisholm Circulating Fatty Acids, Non-High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Insulin-Infused Fat Oxidation Acutely Influence Whole Body Insulin Sensitivity in Nondiabetic Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2005; 90(2): 1035 - 1040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Lyssenko, P. Almgren, D. Anevski, R. Perfekt, K. Lahti, M. Nissen, B. Isomaa, B. Forsen, N. Homstrom, C. Saloranta, et al. Predictors of and Longitudinal Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Preceding Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes, January 1, 2005; 54(1): 166 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Braun, C. Sharoff, S. R. Chipkin, and F. Beaudoin Effects of insulin resistance on substrate utilization during exercise in overweight women J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2004; 97(3): 991 - 997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. D. Kriketos, S. K. Gan, A. M. Poynten, S. M. Furler, D. J. Chisholm, and L. V. Campbell Exercise Increases Adiponectin Levels and Insulin Sensitivity in Humans Diabetes Care, February 1, 2004; 27(2): 629 - 630. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Greenfield, K. Samaras, A. B. Jenkins, P. J. Kelly, T. D. Spector, and L. V. Campbell Moderate Alcohol Consumption, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, and Physical Activity Are Associated With Increased Insulin Sensitivity: Is abdominal adiposity the mediator? Diabetes Care, October 1, 2003; 26(10): 2734 - 2740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Diabetes | Diabetes Care | Clinical Diabetes | Diabetes Spectrum |