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Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Women With Prior Gestational Diabetes Are Associated With a Different Cardiovascular Profile

¹ Department of Endocrinology, Division of Diabetes, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
² the Department of Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
³ the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. L.F. Pallardo, Jefe de Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Unidad de Diabetes, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain. E-mail: lfpallardo.hulp{at}salud.madrid.org

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of cardiovascular risk factors to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We studied 838 women with prior GDM. Postpartum glucose tolerance status was classified as normal, IFG, IGT, IFG plus IGT, and diabetes according to the World Health Organization criteria. Postpartum BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol were assessed.

RESULTS—BMI and blood pressure were significantly higher in women with IFG than in women with normal glucose status. BMI and waist circumference were significantly higher in women with IFG plus IGT than in women with normal glucose status. No differences were observed between women with IGT and normal glucose status. The prevalence of hypertension and obesity was significantly increased in IFG compared with normal glucose status. The prevalence of obesity and abnormal lipids was significantly increased in IFG plus IGT compared with normal glucose status. IGT showed no increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS—Traditional cardiovascular risk factors have a stronger association with isolated IFG than with isolated IGT in women with prior GDM.

Abbreviations: dBP, diastolic blood pressure • GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus • IFG, impaired fasting glucose • IGT, impaired glucose tolerance • OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test • sBP, systolic blood pressure • WHR, waist-to-hip ratio

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