HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bitz, C. Articles by Astrup, A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bitz, C. Articles by Astrup, A. Social Bookmarking                What's this?

Increased 24-h Energy Expenditure in Type 2 Diabetes

¹ Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Research, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark
² Novo Nordisk A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark
³ MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, U.K

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Christian Bitz, Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. E-mail: diabetes{at}christianbitz.com

OBJECTIVE—The aim of this study was to determine whether overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes have higher basal and 24-h energy expenditure compared with healthy control subjects before and after adjustment for body composition, spontaneous physical activity (SPA), sex, and age.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data from 31 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 61 nondiabetic control subjects were analyzed. The 24-h energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and sleeping energy expenditure (EE_sleep) between 1:00 A.M. and 6:00 A.M. were measured in whole-body respiratory chambers. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

RESULTS—No significant differences in unadjusted EE_sleep, BMR, and 24-h energy expenditure were observed between the type 2 diabetic group and the control group. After adjustment for fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass, SPA, sex, and age, EE_sleep and BMR were, respectively, 7.7 and 6.9% higher in the type 2 diabetic group compared with the control group. This was equivalent to 144 ± 40 kcal/day (P = 0.001) and 139 ± 61 kcal/day (P = 0.026), respectively. Adjusted 24-h energy expenditure was 6.5% higher in the type 2 diabetic group compared with the nondiabetic control subjects (2,679 ± 37 vs. 2,515 ± 23 kcal/day, P = 0.002). In multiple regression analyses, FFM, fat mass, SPA, and diabetes status were all significant determinants of EE_sleep and 24-h energy expenditure, explaining 83 and 81% of the variation, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS—This study confirms reports in Pima Indians that basal and 24-h energy expenditure adjusted for body composition, SPA, sex, and age are higher in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with nondiabetic control subjects and may be even more pronounced in Caucasians.

Abbreviations: BMR, basal metabolic rate • DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry • EE_sleep, sleeping energy expenditure • FFA, free fatty acid • FFM, fat-free mass • EE_rest, resting energy expenditure • SNS, sympathetic nervous system • SPA, spontaneous physical activity

CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Bosy-Westphal, A. Wolf, F. Buhrens, B. Hitze, N. Czech, H. Monig, O. Selberg, U. Settler, M. Pfeuffer, J. Schrezenmeir, et al. Familial influences and obesity-associated metabolic risk factors contribute to the variation in resting energy expenditure: the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2008; 87(6): 1695 - 1701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]