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Autoantibodies Against Oxidized LDLs and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes

¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
² CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Aging Section, Padova, Italy
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera, Padova, Italy

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Francesco Piarulli, MD, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Ospedale dei Colli, Via dei Colli 4, 35100 Padova, Italy. E-mail: francesco.piarulli{at}unipd.it

OBJECTIVE—The aim of our study was to examine, in type 2 diabetic patients, the relationship between autoantibodies against oxidatively modified LDL (oxLDL Ab) and two indexes of atherosclerosis, intimal-medial thickness of the common carotid artery (CCA-IMT), which reflects early atherosclerosis, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI), which reflects advanced atherosclerosis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Thirty newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, 30 type 2 diabetic patients with long duration of disease, and 56 control subjects were studied. To detect oxLDL Ab, the ImmunoLisa Anti-oxLDL Antibody ELISA was used. ABI was estimated at rest by strain-gauge plethysmography. Carotid B-mode imaging was performed on a high-resolution imaging system (ATL HDI 5000).

RESULTS—In patients with long duration of disease, IgG oxLDL Ab were significantly higher and ABI significantly lower compared with the other two groups. We found a correlation between IgG oxLDL Ab and CCA-IMT in all diabetic patients. A significant inverse correlation between IgG oxLDL Ab and ABI only in patients with long duration of disease was seen, demonstrating a close relationship between these autoantibodies and advanced atherosclerosis.

CONCLUSIONS—IgG OxLDL Ab may be markers of the advanced phase of the atherosclerotic process and the response of the immunological system to the oxLDL, which are present within atherosclerotic lesions.

Abbreviations: ABI, ankle-brachial index • CCA-IMT, intimal-medial thickness of the common carotid artery • FPG, fasting plasma glucose • oxLDL Ab, oxidatively modified LDL antibody

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