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The 10-s Maximal Sprint

A novel approach to counter an exercise-mediated fall in glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes

¹ School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
² Department of Endocrinology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Australia
³ Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Institute of Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

Address correspondence reprint requests to Vanessa A Bussau, BSc (Hons), School of Human MovementExercise Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy., Crawley, Western Australia, Australia, 6009. E-mail: vbussau{at}cyllene.uwa.edu.au

OBJECTIVE—To investigate whether a short maximal sprint can provide another means to counter the rapid fall in glycemia associated with moderate-intensity exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes and therefore decrease the risk of early postexercise hypoglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In the study, seven male subjects with type 1 diabetes injected their normal insulin dose and ate their usual breakfast. When their postprandial glycemia fell to 11 mmol/l, they pedaled at 40% ^·VO_2peak for 20 min on a cycle ergometer then immediately engaged in a maximal 10-s cycling sprint (sprint trial) or rested (control trial); the sprint and rest trials were administered in a counterbalanced order.

RESULTS—Moderate-intensity exercise resulted in a significant fall (P < 0.05) in glycemia in both trials (means ± SE: 3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5 mmol/l for sprint and control, respectively). The subsequent short cycling sprint opposed a further fall in glycemia for 120 min, whereas in the absence of a sprint, glycemia decreased further (3.6 ± 1.22 mmol/l; P < 0.05) after exercise. The stabilization of glycemia in the sprint trial was associated with elevated levels of catecholamines, growth hormone, and cortisol. In contrast, these hormones remained at stable or near-stable levels in the control trial. Changes in insulin and free fatty acid levels were similar in the sprint and control trials.

CONCLUSIONS—These results suggest that after moderate-intensity exercise, it is preferable for young individuals with insulin-treated, complication-free type 1 diabetes to engage in a 10-s maximal sprint to acutely oppose a further fall in glycemia than to only rest. The addition of the sprint after moderate-intensity exercise provides another means to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in active individuals with type 1 diabetes.

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