|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-0879
© 2006 by the American Diabetes Association
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk |
Sleep Duration as a Risk Factor for the Development of Type 2 Diabetes
1 Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
2 VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, Connecticut
3 New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts
Address correspondence and reprint requests to H. Klar Yaggi, MD, MPH, 300 Cedar St., TAC 441, P.O. Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520-8057. E-mail: henry.yaggi{at}yale.edu
OBJECTIVE—Short-term partial sleep restriction results in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term relationship between sleep duration and the incidence of clinical diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A cohort of men from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study without diabetes at baseline (1987–1989) were followed until 2004 for the development of diabetes. Average number of hours of sleep per night was grouped into the following categories: 
5, 6, 7, 8, and >8 h. Incidence rates and relative risks (RRs) were calculated for the development of diabetes in each sleep duration category. Those reporting 7 h of sleep per night served as the reference group. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression.
RESULTS—Men reporting short sleep duration (5 and 6 h of sleep per night) were twice as likely to develop diabetes, and men reporting long sleep duration (>8 h of sleep per night) were more than three times as likely to develop diabetes over the period of follow-up. Elevated risks remained essentially unchanged after adjustment for age, hypertension, smoking status, self-rated health status, education, and waist circumference (RR 1.95 [95% CI 0.95–4.01] for 5 h and 3.12 [1.53–6.37] for >8 h). RRs were altered considerably for the two extreme sleep groups when adjusted for testosterone (1.51 [0.71–3.19] for 5 h and 2.81 [1.34–5.90] for >8 h), suggesting that the effects of sleep on diabetes could be mediated via changes in endogenous testosterone levels.
CONCLUSIONS—Short and long sleep durations increase the risk of developing diabetes, independent of confounding factors. Sleep duration may represent a novel risk factor for diabetes.
Abbreviations: IR, incidence rate • MMAS, Massachusetts Male Aging Study
CiteULike 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
Find additional patient-related information at:
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Z. T. Bloomgarden Approaches to Treatment of Pre-Diabetes and Obesity and Promising New Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, July 1, 2008; 31(7): 1461 - 1466. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Tasali and M. S. M. Ip Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Syndrome: Alterations in Glucose Metabolism and Inflammation Proceedings of the ATS, February 15, 2008; 5(2): 207 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Tasali, B. Mokhlesi, and E. Van Cauter Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: Interacting Epidemics Chest, February 1, 2008; 133(2): 496 - 506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Stranges, F. P. Cappuccio, N.-B. Kandala, M. A. Miller, F. M. Taggart, M. Kumari, J. E. Ferrie, M. J. Shipley, E. J. Brunner, and M. G. Marmot Cross-sectional versus Prospective Associations of Sleep Duration with Changes in Relative Weight and Body Fat Distribution: The Whitehall II Study Am. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2008; 167(3): 321 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Tasali, R. Leproult, D. A. Ehrmann, and E. Van Cauter Slow-wave sleep and the risk of type 2 diabetes in humans PNAS, January 22, 2008; 105(3): 1044 - 1049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. P. Gunderson, S. L. Rifas-Shiman, E. Oken, J. W. Rich-Edwards, K. P. Kleinman, E. M. Taveras, and M. W. Gillman Association of Fewer Hours of Sleep at 6 Months Postpartum with Substantial Weight Retention at 1 Year Postpartum Am. J. Epidemiol., January 15, 2008; 167(2): 178 - 187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L.-F. M. Taub and N. S. Redeker Sleep Disorders, Glucose Regulation, and Type 2 Diabetes Biol Res Nurs, January 1, 2008; 9(3): 231 - 243. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. T. Lam and L. Yang Short Duration of Sleep and Unintentional Injuries among Adolescents in China Am. J. Epidemiol., November 1, 2007; 166(9): 1053 - 1058. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 The Insidious Effects of Lost Sleep DOC News, October 1, 2007; 4(10): 4 - 4. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. T. Bloomgarden Insulin Resistance Concepts Diabetes Care, May 1, 2007; 30(5): 1320 - 1326. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Wolk and V. K. Somers Sleep Apnoea & Hypertension: Physiological bases for a causal relation: Sleep and the metabolic syndrome Exp Physiol, January 1, 2007; 92(1): 67 - 78. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Wilding Diabetes and sleep apnoea: a hidden epidemic? Thorax, November 1, 2006; 61(11): 928 - 929. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. C. Zee and F. W. Turek Sleep and health: everywhere and in both directions. Arch Intern Med, September 18, 2006; 166(16): 1686 - 1688. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Steptoe, V. Peacey, and J. Wardle Sleep duration and health in young adults. Arch Intern Med, September 18, 2006; 166(16): 1689 - 1692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. L. Knutson, A. M. Ryden, B. A. Mander, and E. Van Cauter Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med, September 18, 2006; 166(16): 1768 - 1774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sleep Duration a Risk for Diabetes DOC News, May 1, 2006; 3(5): 12 - 13. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Diabetes | Diabetes Care | Clinical Diabetes | Diabetes Spectrum |