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Objectively Measured Light-Intensity Physical Activity Is Independently Associated With 2-h Plasma Glucose

¹ Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
² International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
³ Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
⁴ The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Genevieve Healy, MPH, Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia 4006. E-mail: g.healy{at}uq.edu.au

OBJECTIVE—We examined the associations of objectively measured sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity with fasting and 2-h postchallenge plasma glucose in Australian adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 67 men and 106 women (mean age ± SD 53.3 ± 11.9 years) without diagnosed diabetes were recruited from the 2004–2005 Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. Physical activity was measured by Actigraph accelerometers worn during waking hours for 7 consecutive days and summarized as sedentary time (accelerometer counts/min <100; average hours/day), light-intensity (counts/min 100-1951), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity (counts/min 1,952). An oral glucose tolerance test was used to ascertain 2-h plasma glucose and fasting plasma glucose.

RESULTS—After adjustment for confounders (including waist circumference), sedentary time was positively associated with 2-h plasma glucose (b = 0.29, 95% CI 0.11–0.48, P = 0.002); light-intensity activity time (b = –0.25, –0.45 to –0.06, P = 0.012) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity time (b = –1.07, –1.77 to –0.37, P = 0.003) were negatively associated. Light-intensity activity remained significantly associated with 2-h plasma glucose following further adjustment for moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity (b = –0.22, –0.42 to –0.03, P = 0.023). Associations of all activity measures with fasting plasma glucose were nonsignificant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS—These data provide the first objective evidence that light-intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with blood glucose and that sedentary time is unfavorably associated with blood glucose. These objective data support previous findings from studies using self-report measures, and suggest that substituting light-intensity activity for television viewing or other sedentary time may be a practical and achievable preventive strategy to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Abbreviations: AusDiab; Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle • FPG, fasting plasma glucose

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