Diabetes Care, Vol 7, Issue 3 243-247, Copyright © 1984 by American Diabetes Association
Oral propranolol and metoprolol both impair glucose recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
DA Popp, TF Tse, SD Shah, WE Clutter and PE Cryer
To the extent that they have deficient glucagon secretory responses to
plasma glucose decrements, as they commonly do, patients with
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are dependent on
epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote recovery from
hypoglycemia. Thus, they are at increased risk for prolonged hypoglycemia
if treated with a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist such as
propranolol. If the hyperglycemic actions of epinephrine are mediated
through beta 2-adrenergic mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy (e.g., for
hypertension or ischemic heart disease) could be accomplished without
increased risk of hypoglycemia by selective beta 1-adrenergic blockade in
such patients. However, oral administration of the relatively selective
beta 1-adrenergic antagonist metoprolol (100 mg) and of the nonselective
beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (80 mg) both impaired recovery from
insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. Thus, at a dose of 100
mg, oral metoprolol is not safer than oral propranolol with respect to
recovery from hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM.