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Diabetes Care Publish Ahead of Print published online ahead of print March 28, 2008
DOI: 10.2337/dc08-0194
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Original Research

Gender Disparities in the Treatment and Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes

Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, MD1, Heiner K. Berthold, MD, PhD2, Christos S. Mantzoros, MD3, Michael Böhm, MD4 and Wilhelm Krone, MD1

1Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Cologne, Germany
2University of Bonn, Clinical Pharmacology, Germany
3Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
4Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Homburg/Saar, Germany

ioanna.berthold{at}uni-koeln.de

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess whether gender differences exist in the effective control and medication treatment intensity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.

Research Design and Methods: Cross-sectional analysis including 44,893 patients with type 2 diabetes (51% women). Endpoints included uncontrolled CVD risk factors [LDL-C ≥130 mg/dl; systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg; and hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c) ≥8%] and the intensity of medical management in patients with uncontrolled CVD risk factors. Multiple-adjusted odds ratios were calculated after stratification for the presence of CVD (present in 39% of the patients).

Results: Women with CVD were less likely to have SBP, LDL-C and HbA1c controlled and less likely to receive intensive lipid-lowering treatment. Women without CVD were less likely than men to have LDL-C controlled with no differences in SBP or HbA1c control.

Conclusions: Women with diabetes and CVD have poorer control of important modifiable risk factors compared to men and receive less intensified lipid-lowering treatment.


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