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Low-Fat Diets for Diabetes Prevention

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina

The article authored by Swinburn, Metcalf, and Ley and published in this issue of Diabetes Care (1) adds a new perspective to the growing body of evidence that lifestyle interventions can result in improved glucose tolerance among individuals at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes (2). The study provides evidence that long-term compliance with a reduced-fat ad libitum diet may result in sustained improvements in glycemic status after 5 years. Although the final results were somewhat mixed, the findings are of importance because of the relative simplicity of the intervention message, at least in some populations. A recent meta-analysis of low-fat ad libitum diets in relation to weight control also showed that the relatively simple message to restrict fat can, without explicit instruction to reduce calories, lead to weight loss (3). The results of Swinburn et al. (1) also highlight extremely important issues to behavioral intervention studies, in particular, the sustainability of behavior change and the related health benefits over time.

Prevention of type 2 diabetes is a critical public health priority, as evidenced by the substantial increase in the prevalence of diabetes from 8.9 to 12.3% of the U.S. adult population over an 11-year period (4). From the most recent data available, the remarkably rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes continued unabated well through the late 1990s (5). . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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