© 2004 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Therapeutic Footwear in DiabetesThe good, the bad, and the ugly?
1 Department of Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, U.K. Address correspondence to Andrew J.M. Boulton, MD, FRCP, Department of Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, U.K. E-mail: aboulton@med.miami.edu
In recent years, it has generally been accepted by the diabetes community that "good" footwear prevents foot ulceration. Indeed, it is virtually an axiom of diabetes care that a patient with a history of foot ulcer is a footwear patient for life (1). Similarly, most health care professionals believe that "bad" footwear is a major cause of ulceration in diabetes and that in the past, the fact that most therapeutic footwear was perceived as "ugly" resulted in poor compliance when such footwear was prescribed (2). Where is the evidence to support these beliefs? The last two points are easier dealt with than the first.
There are studies that support the belief that bad or inappropriate footwear causes ulceration. Apelqvist et al. (3) identified shoes as the precipitating cause in the majority of toe ulcers and a significant minority of lesions elsewhere on the foot. In another European study (4), footwear was implicated as being contributory to 21% of all ulcers in a
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