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Objectively measured light-intensity physical activity is independently associated with 2-hr plasma glucose

¹Cancer Prevention Research Centre, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
²International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
³Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
⁴The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

g.healy{at}uq.edu.au

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:We examined the associations of objectively-measured sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity with fasting and 2-hr post-challenge plasma glucose in Australian adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:67 men and 106 women (mean age 53.3, SD 11.9 years) without diagnosed diabetes were recruited from the 2004-2005 AusDiab study. Physical activity was measured by Actigraph accelerometers worn during waking hours for seven consecutive days, and summarised as sedentary time (accelerometer counts/minute <100; average hours/day), light-intensity (counts/minute 100-1951), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity (counts/minute 1952). An oral glucose tolerance test was used to ascertain 2-hr plasma glucose and fasting plasma glucose.

RESULTS:After adjustment for confounders (including waist circumference), sedentary time was positively associated with 2-hr plasma glucose (b=0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.48, p=0.002); light-intensity time (b=–0.25, –0.45 to –0.06, p=0.012) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity time (b=–1.07, –1.77 to –0.37, p=0.003) were negatively associated. Light intensity activity remained significantly associated with 2-hr plasma glucose following further adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity (b=–0.22, –0.42 to –0.03, p=0.023). Associations of all activity measures with fasting plasma glucose were non-significant (p>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:These data provide the first objective evidence that light-intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with blood glucose, and that sedentary time is unfavourably associated with blood glucose. These objective data support previous findings from studies using self-report measures, and suggest that substituting light intensity activity for television viewing or other sedentary time may be a practical and achievable preventive strategy to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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