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The Effect of Glucosamine on Serum High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein AI Levels in People with Diabetes Mellitus.

¹Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO
²Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
³Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois

albertsg{at}slu.edu

ABSTRACT

Objective:Dietary and nutritional supplements are modulators of HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels and production of apolipoprotein AI (apo AI). Previously, in vitro treatment of hepatocyte cell lines with glucosamine increased apo AI production by stabilization of apo AI mRNA. The hypothesis is that the neutraceutical, glucosamine, when given in conventional doses (1500g per day) may increase apolipoprotein AI and HDLc levels in subjects with diabetes and low HDLc.

Research Design and Methods:Twelve subjects (3 men/9 women) with type 1(n=2) and type 2 diabetes (n=10), age 55 ± 12 years (mean ± SD) who had low HDL cholesterol 1.03 ± 0.20 mmol/L were randomized to a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial of glucosamine 500 mg or placebo orally three times daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 4-week wash-out, and 2-week cross-over to the alternate therapy.

Results:Fasting serum glucose, fructosamine and total cholesterol remained stable during the drug and placebo phases. Glucosamine had no significant effect post therapy on serum levels of HDLc (from baseline of 1.02 ± 0.15 mmol/L to 1.05 ± 0.16 mmol/L compared with placebo from 1.04 ± 0.21 mmol/L to 1.06 ± 0.16 mmol/L), nor in changes in apolipoprotein AI levels (from baseline of 147 ±15 mg/dL to 140± 126 mg/dL with glucosamine and 146 ± 25 mg/dL to 142 ±17 mg/dL with placebo).

Conclusion:These observations suggest that glucosamine at commonly consumed doses does not have significant effects on glycemic control, lipid profile or levels of apolipoprotein AI in diabetic subjects after 2 weeks of supplementation.

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