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Changes in vigorous physical activity and incident diabetes in male runners

ptwilliams{at}lbl.gov

ABSTRACT

Objective & Design: We examined the dose-response relationship between changes in reported vigorous exercise (running distance, km/wk) and self-reported physician diagnosed diabetes in 25,988 men followed prospectively for (mean±SD) 7.8±1.8 years.

Results: Logistic regression analyses showed that the log odds for diabetes declined significantly in relation to men's km/wk (coefficient±SE: -0.012±0.004, P<0.01), which remained significant when adjusted for BMI (-0.018±0.003, P<0.0001). The decline in the log odds for diabetes was related to the distance run at the end of follow-up when adjusted for baseline distance, with (-0.024±0.005, P<0.0001) or without (-0.027±0.005, P<0.0001) adjustment for BMI. Baseline distance was unrelated to diabetes incidence when adjusted for the distance at the end of follow-up. Compared to men who ran <8 km/wk at the end of follow-up, incidence rates in those who ran 8 km/wk were 95% lower between 35-44 yrs old (P<0.0001), 92% lower between 45-54 yrs old (P<0.0001), 87% lower between 55 and 64 years old (P<0.0001), and 46% lower between 65-75 yrs old (P=0.30). For the subset of 6,208 men who maintained the same running distance during follow-up (±5 km/wk), the log odds for diabetes declined with weekly distance run (-0.024±0.010, P=0.02) but not when adjusted for BMI (-0.005±0.010, P=0.65).

Conclusion: Vigorous exercise significantly reduces diabetes incidence, due in part to the prevention of age-related weight gain and in part to other exercise effects.

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