Validation of Home Blood Glucose Meters With Respect to Clinical and Analytical Approaches
- Gernot A Brunner, MD,
- Martin Ellmerer, MSC,
- Gerald Sendlhofer, MSC,
- Andrea Wutte, MSC,
- Zlatko Trajanoski, PHD,
- Lukas Schaupp, MSC,
- Franz Quehenberger, MSC,
- Paul Wach, PHD,
- Guenter J Krejs, MD and
- Thomas R Pieber, MD
- Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Austria
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism; the Department of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation Graz, Austria
- Karl Franzens University Graz; the Department of Biophysics Graz, Austria
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Graz; and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institut fur technische Lebenshilfen Graz, Austria
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Thomas R. Pieber, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism, Karl Franzens University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical and analytical accuracy of home blood glucose meters.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Six blood glucose meters—Reflolux S (Boehringer Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany), One Touch II (LifeScan, Milpitas, CA), Glucocard Memory (Menarini, Florence, Italy), Precision QID (Medisense, Cambridge, U.K.), HaemoCue (HaemoCue, Ängelholm, Sweden), and Accutrend a (Boehringer Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany)—were compared with a reference method (Beckman Glucose Analyzer II) under controlled conditions (glucose clamp technique). Validation of the blood glucose meters was accomplished by clinically oriented approaches (error grid analysis), statistical approaches (variance components analysis), and by the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), which recommend a target variability of <5%.
RESULTS A total of 1,794 blood glucose monitor readings and 299 reference values ranging from 2.2 to 18.2 mmol/1 were analyzed (705 readings <3.89 mmol/1, 839 readings between 3.89 and 9.99 mmol/1, and 250 readings >9.99 mmol/1). According to error grid analysis, only Reflolux S and Glucocard M had 100% of estimations within the clinically acceptable zones A and B. Assessment of analytical accuracy revealed substantial differences between the glucose meters after separation of the data into defined glycemic ranges. None of the devices met the ADA criteria.
CONCLUSIONS To evaluate accuracy of blood glucose meters, error grid analysis, as well as statistical models, are helpful means and should be performed together. Analytical performance of currently available home blood glucose meters differs substantially within defined glycemic ranges.
- Received August 19, 1997.
- Accepted December 19, 1997.
- Copyright © 1998 by the American Diabetes Association
