Development of a Reliable and Valid Chinese Version of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale
- Ann T.Y. Shiu, MSC, RN1,
- Rebecca Y.M. Wong, MSC, RN2 and
- David R. Thompson, PHD, RN1
- 1Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- 2Diabetes & Endocrine Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Ann T.Y. Shiu, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China. E-mail: annshiu{at}cuhk.edu.hk
Abstract
OBJECTIVE—To translate the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES) into Chinese and establish its psychometric properties among Hong Kong Chinese people.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A two-stage study design, incorporating qualitative and quantitative components, determined the cultural equivalency and content validity of the translated scale and established the psychometric properties of the Chinese DES (C-DES) in 207 patients.
RESULTS—Psychometric analysis supported the reliability and validity of the 20-item Chinese DES (C-DES-20) and five subscales: overcoming barriers (α = 0.89), determining suitable methods (α = 0.79), achieving goals (α = 0.78), obtaining support (α = 0.78), and coping (α = 0.76). The test-retest reliability of the intraclass correlations was satifactory when a subsample of 20 patients was tested after a 2-week interval. There was criterion validity between the global scale and metabolic control (HbA1c) of respondents with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS—The C-DES-20 is a reliable and valid outcome measure for patient education and psychosocial interventions among Hong Kong Chinese people with diabetes.
Footnotes
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A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
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- Accepted July 17, 2003.
- Received February 17, 2003.
- DIABETES CARE
