LDL Electronegativity Is Enhanced in Type 1 Diabetes
- Roberto Gambino, PHD,
- Sara Giunti, MD,
- Barbara Uberti, PHD,
- Paolo Cavallo Perin, MD,
- Gianfranco Pagano, MD and
- Maurizio Cassader, PHD
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Address correspondence to Dr. Maurizio Cassader, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università di Torino, Corso AM Dogliotti 14, Torino 10126, Italy.
LDL particles exhibit heterogeneity in density, size, chemical composition, and charge (1). Lipoperoxidation, oxidation, and glycosylation increase the net negative charge and may enhance LDL atherogenicity with important metabolic consequences. A relevant role of more electronegative LDL in atherogenesis is supported by the observation that it is elevated in subjects at high risk, such as familial hypercholesterolemic and type 1 diabetic patients (2).
We reported the precise measurement of the electrophoretic mobility of LDL as an indicator of modification by capillary electrophoresis and the UV absorption at 234 nm that results from the formation of conjugated dienes in constituent polyenoic fatty acids in 14 type 1 diabetic patients (7 normoalbuminuric and 7 microalbuminuric patients) and in 6 nondiabetic subjects. In type 1 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (six men and one woman; mean age 38 ± 12 years) the mean duration of diabetes was 25 ± 7 years, and they were in stable glycemic control (HbA1c = 7.1 ± 0.6%). …
