Effect of Weight Loss and Nutritional Intervention on Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes
- Emma Barinas-Mitchell, PHD1,
- Lewis H. Kuller, MD1,
- Kim Sutton-Tyrrell, PHD1,
- Refaat Hegazi, MD, PHD2,
- Patricia Harper, MS, RD, LDN2,
- Juliet Mancino, MS, RD, CDE2 and
- David E. Kelley, MD2
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 2Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to David E. Kelley, MD, 807N Montefiore-University Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, 3459 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail: kelley{at}dom.pitt.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE—There is increased stiffness of the large central arteries in type 2 diabetic patients, and obesity is a risk factor. However, the effect of intentional weight loss on arterial stiffness is uncertain, and the purpose of the current study was to assess this effect.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— Arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) at baseline and at completion of a 1-year weight loss intervention. Metabolic control of type 2 diabetes was also appraised.
RESULTS— Mean weight loss at 1 year in 38 volunteers with type 2 diabetes was 7.8%. There were improvements in HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein). There was also a significant improvement in aPWV at completion of weight loss intervention, from 740 to 690 cm/s (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS— Moderate weight loss improves arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes.
- aPWV, aortic pulse wave velocity
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
- IL, interleukin
- PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
Footnotes
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D.E.K. has received grant/research support from Roche Pharmaceuticals.
A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Accepted July 18, 2006.
- Received March 27, 2006.
- DIABETES CARE
