Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
- Catharina Mattila, MSC,
- Paul Knekt, PHD,
- Satu Männistö, PHD,
- Harri Rissanen,
- Maarit A. Laaksonen, MSC,
- Jukka Montonen, PHD and
- Antti Reunanen, PHD, MD
- From the National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Paul Knekt, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: paul.knekt{at}ktl.fi
It has been suggested that vitamin D reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes. The finding that vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired β-cell function and insulin resistance in animals (1,2) and humans (3,4) is in line with that hypothesis. In the only cohort study published, the intake of vitamin D supplements was inversely associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (5). Since vitamin D intake covers only a part of the total vitamin D available, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prediction of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) on subsequent type 2 diabetes incidence.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—
The study population, collected from 1978 to 1980 as part of the Mini-Finland Health Survey (6), consisted of 4,423 men and women aged 40–69 years. After exclusion of 247 individuals with type 2 diabetes at baseline (i.e., fasting plasma glucose >7.0 mmol/l on two occasions or >11.0 mmol/l on a single occasion) and 79 individuals with missing values of serum 25OHD, the final sample size was 4,097. Data on education, smoking, leisure-time exercise, and hypertension medication were collected in a health examination (6). Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured, and blood samples were collected and stored at −20°C. In 2003–2004, radioimmunoassay …
