Parental History and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight Latino Adolescents
A longitudinal analysis
- Louise A. Kelly, PHD1,
- Christianne J. Lane, MS1,
- Marc J. Weigensberg, MD2,
- Corinna Koebnick, PHD1,
- Christian K. Roberts, PHD1,
- Jaimie N. Davis, PHD1,
- Claudia M. Toledo-Corral, MS1,
- Gabriel Q. Shaibi1 and
- Michael I. Goran, PHD13
- 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- 3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Professor Michael I. Goran, PhD, 2250 Alcazar St., Los Angeles, CA 90089-9008. E-mail: goran{at}usc.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE— The purpose of this article was to examine metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents as a function of maternal versus paternal family history of type 2 diabetes and to examine whether differences in these risk factors emerge during adolescent growth.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A total of 247 overweight Latino children (baseline age = 11.1 ± 1.7 years) with a parental history of type 2 diabetes were followed annually for 5 years (2.2 ± 1.2 observations/child) with measures of insulin sensitivity, acute insulin response to glucose, and disposition index. Longitudinal linear mixed-effects modeling was used to evaluate the influence of maternal versus paternal family history of type 2 diabetes on changes in diabetes risk factors over age.
RESULTS— Insulin sensitivity and the disposition index decreased over age (β = −0.052 and β = −0.033, P < 0 0.01). Acute insulin response to glucose and fasting and 2-h glucose increased (β = 0.019, β = 0.002, and β = 0.003, P < 0.01). Declines in insulin sensitivity were significantly greater in participants whose maternal grandmothers had a history of type 2 diabetes (β = −0.03, P = 0.03). Declines in the disposition index (β = −0.02, P = 0.04) and increases in fasting glucose were significantly influenced by a maternal history of type 2 diabetes (β = 0.60, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS— Maternal but not paternal family history for diabetes may have a significant impact on insulin dynamics, becoming more pronounced during growth in overweight Latino adolescents. Further research is clearly warranted.
- FSIVGTT, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
- OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test
Footnotes
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Published ahead of print at http://care.diabetesjournals.org on 12 July 2007. DOI: 10.2337/dc07-0050.
Additional information for this article can be found in an online appendix at http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0050.
A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Accepted July 4, 2007.
- Received January 9, 2007.
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