Gene Expression of Adiponectin Receptors in Human Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Related to Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Parameters and Is Altered in Response to Physical Training

  1. Matthias Blüher, MD1,
  2. Catherine J. Williams, BS2,
  3. Nora Klöting, PHD1,
  4. Alex Hsi, BS2,
  5. Karen Ruschke, PHD1,
  6. Andreas Oberbach, PHD1,
  7. Mathias Fasshauer, MD1,
  8. Janin Berndt1,
  9. Michael R. Schön, MD3,
  10. Alicja Wolk, DMSC4,
  11. Michael Stumvoll, MD1 and
  12. Christos S. Mantzoros, MD2
  1. 1Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
  2. 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
  3. 3Department of Surgery II, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
  4. 4Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Christos S. Mantzoros, MD, 330 Brookline Ave., ST 816, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: cmantzor{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—Adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, respectively) mediate the effects of adiponectin on glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo. We examined whether AdipoR1 and/or AdipoR2 mRNA expression in human adipose tissue is fat-depot specific. We also studied whether their expression in visceral and subcutaneous fat depots is associated with metabolic parameters and whether their expression is regulated by intensive physical exercise.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We determined metabolic parameters and assessed AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA expression using quantitative real-time PCR in adipose tissue in an observational study of 153 subjects and an interventional study of 60 subjects (20 each with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes) before and after intensive physical training for 4 weeks.

RESULTS—AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA expression is not significantly different between omental and subcutaneous fat, but their expression is several-fold lower in adipose tissue than in muscle. AdipoR2 mRNA expression in visceral fat is highly correlated with its expression in subcutaneous fat. AdipoR2 mRNA expression in both visceral and subcutaneous fat is positively associated with circulating adiponectin and HDL levels but negatively associated with obesity as well as parameters of insulin resistance, glycemia, and other lipid levels before and after adjustment for fat mass. Physical training for 4 weeks resulted in increased AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA expression in subcutaneous fat.

CONCLUSIONS—AdipoR2 mRNA expression in fat is negatively associated with insulin resistance and metabolic parameters independently of obesity and may mediate the improvement of insulin resistance in response to exercise.

Footnotes

  • Published ahead of print at http://care.diabetesjournals.org on 18 September 2007. DOI: 10.2337/dc07-1257.

    M.B. and C.J.W. contributed equally to this work.

    A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.

    The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted September 12, 2007.
    • Received July 2, 2007.
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  1. Published online before print September 18, 2007, doi: 10.2337/dc07-1257 Diabetes Care December 2007 vol. 30 no. 12 3110-3115
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