The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Insulin Resistance in the Framingham Offspring Cohort

  1. Jeanene J. Fogli-Cawley, MS, RD123,
  2. Johanna T. Dwyer, SCD, RD1245,
  3. Edward Saltzman, MD145,
  4. Marjorie L. McCullough, SCD, RD6,
  5. Lisa M. Troy, MS12,
  6. James B. Meigs, MD, MPH7 and
  7. Paul F. Jacques, SCD12
  1. 1Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
  2. 2Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
  3. 3General Clinical Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
  4. 4Tufts–New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
  5. 5School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
  6. 6Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
  7. 7General Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to P.F. Jacques, Epidemiology Program, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, 711 Washington St., Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111. E-mail: paul.jacques{at}tufts.edu

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between a diet consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), as assessed by the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index (DGAI), and measures of insulin resistance in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We examined cross-sectional associations between DGAI score and degree of insulin resistance as measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin in 3,082 participants in the Framingham Offspring Cohort fifth examination (January 1991–June 1995).

RESULTS—Participants in the highest quintile category of the DGAI score had significantly lower HOMA-IR than those in the lowest quintile category after adjusting for age, sex, and waist circumference (6.4 compared with 6.7, P = 0.04). We observed a significant interaction between DGAI score and sex, and upon stratification, the association appeared to be largely confined to women (5.9 compared with 6.6, P < 0.001). No association was apparent in men (7.2 compared with 7.1, P = 0.30). Similar associations were evident between the DGAI score and fasting insulin.

CONCLUSIONS—Consumption of a diet consistent with the 2005 DGA may be an effective means to limit insulin resistance in women.

Footnotes

  • Published ahead of print at http://care.diabetesjournals.org on 26 January 2007. DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1927.

    A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.

    The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted January 9, 2007.
    • Received September 14, 2006.
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  1. Published online before print January 26, 2007, doi: 10.2337/dc06-1927 Diabetes Care April 2007 vol. 30 no. 4 817-822
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