Effect of Varying Glycemic Index Meals on Blood Glucose Control Assessed With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes on Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimens

  1. Tonja R. Nansel, PHD1,
  2. Lauren Gellar, MS, CHES2 and
  3. Adrienne McGill, MHS3
  1. 1Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
  2. 2Clinical & Population Health Research Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
  3. 3Department of Pediatrics, Growth and Nutrition Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Tonja Nansel, PhD, 6100 Executive Blvd, Rm. 7B13R, MSC 7510, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510. E-mail: nanselt{at}mail.nih.gov

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to test the effect of high glycemic index (HGI) and low glycemic index (LGI) meals on blood glucose levels using continuous blood glucose monitoring in youths with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 20 youths on basal-bolus regimens consumed macronutrient-matched HGI and LGI meals 1 day each in a controlled setting in varying order following consumption of a standardized evening meal. Medtronic MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems were used to assess blood glucose (BG) profiles.

RESULTS—Participants demonstrated significantly lower daytime mean BG, BG area >180 mg/dl, and high BG index when consuming LGI meals but no differences for daytime BG area <70 mg/dl, daytime low BG index, or any nighttime values. Significantly more BG values <80 mg/dl were treated on LGI days.

CONCLUSIONS—Findings indicate that consumption of an LGI diet may reduce glucose excursions, improving glycemic control.

Footnotes

  • Published ahead of print at http://care.diabetesjournals.org on 17 January 2008. DOI: 10.2337/dc07-1879. Clinical trial reg. no. NCT00545727, clinicaltrials.gov.

    Additional information for this article can be found in an online appendix at http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc07-1879.

    The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted January 10, 2008.
    • Received October 22, 2007.
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  1. Published online before print January 17, 2008, doi: 10.2337/dc07-1879 Diabetes Care April 2008 vol. 31 no. 4 695-697
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