Reference Values for Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Chinese Subjects
- Jian Zhou, MD1,
- Hong Li, MD2,
- Xingwu Ran, MD3,
- Wenying Yang, MD, PHD4,
- Qiang Li, MD, PHD5,
- Yongde Peng, MD, PHD6,
- Yanbing Li, MD7,
- Xin Gao, MD8,
- Xiaojun Luan, MD9,
- Weiqing Wang, MD, PHD10 and
- Weiping Jia, MD, PHD1
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China;
- 2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;
- 3Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;
- 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China;
- 5Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;
- 6Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China;
- 7Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;
- 8Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China;
- 9Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China;
- 10Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Corresponding author: Weiping Jia, wpjia{at}sjtu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The widespread clinical application of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is limited by the lack of generally accepted reference values. This multicenter study aims to establish preliminary normal reference values for CGM parameters in a sample of healthy Chinese subjects.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 434 healthy individuals with normal glucose regulation completed a 3-day period of glucose monitoring using a CGM system. The 24-h mean blood glucose (24-h MBG) and the percentage of time that subjects' blood glucose levels were ≥140 mg/dl (PT140) and ≤70 mg/dl (PT70) within 24 h were analyzed.
RESULTS There was excellent compliance of finger stick blood glucose values with CGM measurements for subjects. Among the 434 subjects, the daily blood glucose varied from 76.9 ± 11.3 to 144.2 ± 23.2 mg/dl. The 24-h MBG, PT140, and PT70 were 104 ± 10 mg/dl, 4.1 ± 5.8%, and 2.4 ± 5.3%, respectively. As for these parameters, no significant differences were found between men and women. The 95th percentile values were adopted as the upper limits of CGM parameters, which revealed 119 mg/dl (6.6 mmol/l) for 24-h MBG, 17.1% for PT140, and 11.7% for PT70.
CONCLUSIONS We recommend a 24-h MBG value <119 mg/dl, PT140 <17% (4 h), and PT70 <12% (3 h) as normal ranges for the Chinese population.
Footnotes
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A full list of participating investigators is available in an online appendix at http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc09-0076/DC1.
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The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Received January 15, 2009.
- Accepted April 14, 2009.
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Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
- © 2009 by the American Diabetes Association.
