Sex and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Treatment and Control Among Individuals With Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
- Ginger J. Winston, MD1,
- R. Graham Barr, MD, DRPH1,2,
- Olveen Carrasquillo, MD, MPH1,
- Alain G. Bertoni, MD, MPH3 and
- Steven Shea, MD, MS1,2
- 1Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York;
- 2Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York;
- 3Division of Public Health Sciences and Maya Angelou Center for Health Equity, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
- Corresponding author: Steven Shea, ss35{at}columbia.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine sex and racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factor treatment and control among individuals with diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was an observational study examining mean levels of cardiovascular risk factors and proportion of subjects achieving treatment goals.
RESULTS The sample included 926 individuals with diabetes. Compared with men, women were 9% less likely to achieve LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dl (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.91 [0.83–0.99]) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.91 [0.85–0.98]). These differences diminished over time. A lower percentage of women used aspirin (23 vs. 33%; P < 0.001). African American and Hispanic women had higher mean levels of SBP and lower prevalence of aspirin use than non-Hispanic white women.
CONCLUSIONS Women with diabetes had unfavorable cardiovascular risk factor profiles compared with men. African American and Hispanic women had less favorable profiles than non-Hispanic white women.
Footnotes
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- Received February 10, 2009.
- Accepted April 22, 2009.
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Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
- © 2009 by the American Diabetes Association.
