Marine ω-3 Fatty Acid Intake
Associations with cardiometabolic risk and response to weight loss intervention in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study
- L. Maria Belalcazar, MD1,
- David M. Reboussin, PHD2,
- Steven M. Haffner, MD3,
- Rebecca S. Reeves, DRPH4,
- Dawn C. Schwenke, PHD5,
- Ron C. Hoogeveen, PHD4,
- F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, MD6,
- Christie M. Ballantyne, MD4,7 and
- for the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) Obesity, Inflammation, and Thrombosis Research Group*
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
- 2Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;
- 3Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas;
- 4Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas;
- 5Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona;
- 6Department of Medicine, Columbia University, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, New York;
- 7The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
- Corresponding author: L. Maria Belalcazar, lmbelalc{at}utmb.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine usual marine ω-3 fatty acid (mO-3FA) intake in individuals with diabetes; its association with adiposity, lipid, and glucose control; and its changes with behavioral lifestyle intervention for weight loss.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional and 1-year longitudinal analyses were performed on 2,397 Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) participants. Look AHEAD is a cardiovascular outcome trial evaluating the effects of intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss in overweight/obese subjects with type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS Baseline mO-3FA intake was 162 ± 138 mg/day. It was inversely associated with triglycerides (β = −0.41, P < 0.001) and weakly with HDL (β = 4.14, P = 0.050), after multiple covariate adjustment. One-year mO-3FA and fried/sandwich fish intake decreased with intensive lifestyle intervention (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS mO-3FA intake in Look AHEAD participants was low but associated favorably with lipids. These results encourage investigation on the potential benefits of increasing mO-3FA intake in lifestyle interventions for weight loss in individuals with diabetes.
Footnotes
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↵*Members of the Look AHEAD Obesity, Inflammation, and Thrombosis Research Group are listed in the appendix.
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Clinical trial reg. no. NCT00017953, clinicaltrials.gov.
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The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Received July 7, 2009.
- Accepted September 21, 2009.
- © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.
