Self-Efficacy, Problem Solving, and Social-Environmental Support Are Associated With Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors
- Diane K. King, PHD1,
- Russell E. Glasgow, PHD1,
- Deborah J. Toobert, PHD2,
- Lisa A. Strycker, MA2,
- Paul A. Estabrooks, PHD3,
- Diego Osuna, MD1 and
- Andrew J. Faber, BA1
- 1Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado;
- 2Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon;
- 3Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, Virginia.
- Corresponding author: Diane K. King, diane.king{at}kp.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between psychosocial and social-environmental variables and diabetes self-management, and diabetes control.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline data from a type 2 diabetes self-management randomized trial with 463 adults having elevated BMI (M = 34.8 kg/m2) were used to investigate relations among demographic, psychosocial, and social-environmental variables; dietary, exercise, and medication-taking behaviors; and biologic outcomes.
RESULTS Self-efficacy, problem solving, and social-environmental support were independently associated with diet and exercise, increasing the variance accounted for by 23 and 19%, respectively. Only diet contributed to explained variance in BMI (β = −0.17, P = 0.0003) and self-rated health status (β = 0.25, P < 0.0001); and only medication-taking behaviors contributed to lipid ratio (total–to–HDL) (β = −0.20, P = 0.0001) and A1C (β = −0.21, P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS Interventions should focus on enhancing self-efficacy, problem solving, and social-environmental support to improve self-management of diabetes.
Footnotes
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The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Received September 18, 2009.
- Accepted January 12, 2010.
Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
- © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.
