Coffee Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality among Men with Type 2 Diabetes

  1. Weili Zhang, MD, PhD (weilizhang{at}sglab.org)1,2,
  2. Esther Lopez-Garcia, PhD1,3,
  3. Tricia Y. Li, MD1,
  4. Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD1,4,5 and
  5. Rob M. van Dam, PhD (rvandam{at}hsph.harvard.edu)1,5
  1. 1 Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
  2. 2 Sino-German Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, FuWai Cardiovascular Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
  3. 3 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Spain
  4. 4 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
  5. 5 Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

    Abstract

    Objective: Coffee consumption has been linked to detrimental acute metabolic and hemodynamic effects. We investigated coffee consumption in relation to risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in diabetic men.

    Research design and methods: A prospective cohort study including 3,497 diabetic men without cardiovascular diseases at baseline.

    Results: After adjustment for age, smoking, and other cardiovascular risk factors, relative risks (RRs) were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.50-1.57) for cardiovascular diseases (P trend=0.29) and 0.80 (0.41-1.54) for all-cause mortality (P trend=0.45) for the consumption of ≥4 cups/day caffeinated coffee as compared with nondrinkers. Stratification by smoking and duration of diabetes yielded similar results. RR for caffeine intake for the highest as compared with the lowest quintile was 1.02 (0.70-1.47; P trend=0.96) for cardiovascular diseases and 0.96 (0.64-1.44; P trend=0.69) for mortality.

    Conclusions: These data indicate that regular coffee consumption is not associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases or mortality in diabetic men.

    Footnotes

      • Received December 16, 2008.
      • Accepted February 14, 2009.

    This Article

    1. Published online before print February 19, 2009, doi: 10.2337/dc08-2251
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