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Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in type 2 diabetes. Relation to LDL size, oxidized LDL, and antioxidants.

  1. S Mäkimattila,
  2. M L Liu,
  3. J Vakkilainen,
  4. A Schlenzka,
  5. S Lahdenperä,
  6. M Syvänne,
  7. M Mäntysaari,
  8. P Summanen,
  9. R Bergholm,
  10. M R Taskinen and
  11. H Yki-Järvinen
  1. Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
    Diabetes Care 1999 Jun; 22(6): 973-981. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.22.6.973
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    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE: To search for determinants of endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a comprehensive analysis of cardiovascular risk markers and measured blood flow responses to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine [ACh] and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside [SNP]) vasoactive agents in 30 nonsmoking men with type 2 diabetes (age 51 +/- 1 years, BMI 27.8 +/- 0.4 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.4 +/- 0.3%) and 12 matched normal control men. RESULTS: ACh-induced vasodilation was 37% lower in type 2 diabetic (6.1 +/- 0.5) than in normal subjects (9.7 +/- 1.5 ml.dl-1.min-1, P < 0.01), while flows during SNP were similar (9.1 +/- 0.6 vs. 9.9 +/- 1.3 ml.dl-1.min-1, NS). The ratio of endothelium-dependent vs. -independent flow (ACh:SNP ratio) was 31% lower in type 2 diabetic (0.70 +/- 0.05) than in normal subjects (1.10 +/- 0.18, P < 0.01). Total (2.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.2 mmol/l, P < 0.05), VLDL, and intermediate-density lipoprotein triglycerides were significantly higher, and the mean LDL particle diameter was significantly smaller in type 2 diabetic than in normal subjects. The lag times for LDL oxidation by Cu2+ in vitro were similar in patients with type 2 diabetes (183 +/- 7) and in normal subjects (183 +/- 9 min, NS). Measured and calculated (sum of concentration of individual antioxidants in serum) total peroxyl radical-trapping capacities (TRAPs) were comparable between the groups. In the patients with type 2 diabetes, LDL size was significantly correlated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation (r = 0.43, P < 0.05), serum triglycerides (r = -0.75, P < 0.001), and the lag time for LDL oxidation in vitro (r = 0.38, P < 0.05). HbA1c was inversely correlated with the lag time for LDL oxidation in vitro (r = -0.41, P < 0.05) and TRAP. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, patients with type 2 diabetes exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in vivo, elevated serum triglycerides, decreased LDL size, and normal antioxidant capacity. Of these parameters, LDL size was significantly correlated with endothelial function.

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    June 1999, 22(6)
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    Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in type 2 diabetes. Relation to LDL size, oxidized LDL, and antioxidants.
    S Mäkimattila, M L Liu, J Vakkilainen, A Schlenzka, S Lahdenperä, M Syvänne, M Mäntysaari, P Summanen, R Bergholm, M R Taskinen, H Yki-Järvinen
    Diabetes Care Jun 1999, 22 (6) 973-981; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.6.973

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    Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in type 2 diabetes. Relation to LDL size, oxidized LDL, and antioxidants.
    S Mäkimattila, M L Liu, J Vakkilainen, A Schlenzka, S Lahdenperä, M Syvänne, M Mäntysaari, P Summanen, R Bergholm, M R Taskinen, H Yki-Järvinen
    Diabetes Care Jun 1999, 22 (6) 973-981; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.6.973
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