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What degree of maternal metabolic control in women with type 1 diabetes is associated with normal body size and proportions in full-term infants?

  1. G Mello,
  2. E Parretti,
  3. F Mecacci,
  4. P La Torre,
  5. R Cioni,
  6. D Cianciulli and
  7. G Scarselli
  1. Second Obstetric and Gynecologic Clinic, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florence, Italy. mellog@unifi.it
    Diabetes Care 2000 Oct; 23(10): 1494-1498. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.23.10.1494
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    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE: To assess what degree of maternal metabolic control in women with type 1 diabetes is associated with normal fetal growth and results in normal neonatal body proportions in a group of full-term infants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We investigated the anthropometric characteristics of 98 full-term singleton infants born to 98 Caucasian women with type 1 diabetes enrolled within 12 weeks of gestation. The type 1 diabetic mother-infant pairs were divided into three groups on the basis of the daily glucose levels reached during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (group 1: 37 mother-infant pairs with an average daily glucose level during the second and third trimesters of < or =95 mg/dl; group 2: 37 mother-infant pairs with an average daily glucose level during the second trimester of >95 mg/dl and during the third trimester of < or =95 mg/dl; group 3: 24 mother-infant pairs with an average daily glucose level during the second and third trimesters of >95 mg/dl; control group: 1,415 Caucasian mother-infant pairs with full-term singleton pregnancies and normal glucose challenge test screened for gestational diabetes. RESULTS: Infants of diabetic mothers in group 1 were similar to those of the control group in birth weight and in other anthropometric parameters. In contrast, offspring of diabetic mothers of groups 2 and 3 showed an increased incidence of large-for-gestational-age infants, significantly greater means of ponderal index and thoracic circumferences, and significantly smaller cranial/thoracic circumference ratios with respect to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that, in diabetic pregnancies, only overall daily glucose values < or =95 mg/dl throughout the second and third trimesters can avoid alterations in fetal growth.

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    What degree of maternal metabolic control in women with type 1 diabetes is associated with normal body size and proportions in full-term infants?
    G Mello, E Parretti, F Mecacci, P La Torre, R Cioni, D Cianciulli, G Scarselli
    Diabetes Care Oct 2000, 23 (10) 1494-1498; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.23.10.1494

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    What degree of maternal metabolic control in women with type 1 diabetes is associated with normal body size and proportions in full-term infants?
    G Mello, E Parretti, F Mecacci, P La Torre, R Cioni, D Cianciulli, G Scarselli
    Diabetes Care Oct 2000, 23 (10) 1494-1498; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.23.10.1494
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