Effective Exercise Modality to Reduce Insulin Resistance in Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Article Figures & Tables
Tables
- Table 1—
Initial subject characteristics
Control group Ae+RT Ae only n 9 10 9 Age (years) 60.0 ± 2.9 63.4 ± 2.2 59.4 ± 1.9 Duration of diabetes (years) 4.7 ± 1.2 3.7 ± 0.9 3.2 ± 0.6 Number of participants treated with: Diet only 2 6 6 Single oral agent 3 1 2 Two or more oral agents 4 3 1 Weight (kg) 95.6 ± 6.5 89.5 ± 3.9 81.2 ± 3.8 BMI (kg/m2) 36.7 ± 2.0 33.3 ± 1.5 32.5 ± 1.4 Waist circumference (cm) 119.0 ± 2.1 111.1 ± 2.1 106.1 ± 2.3 (Vo2 l/min) 1.75 ± 0.12 1.64 ± 0.10 1.68 ± 0.11 Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) 6.9 ± 0.4 6.9 ± 0.4 6.3 ± 0.2 Glucose infusion rate (mg · kg−1 · min−1) 2.29 ± 0.46 2.36 ± 0.33 2.78 ± 0.49 CT Total abdominal AT (L4–L5) (cm2) 808.4 ± 68.0 720.0 ± 42.0 616.8 ± 41.9 Subcutaneous (cm2) 549.3 ± 50.8 468.9 ± 26.9 401.2 ± 42.9 Visceral (cm2) 259.1 ± 34.4 251.1 ± 22.9 215.7 ± 25.8 Midthigh skeletal muscle Cross-sectional area (cm2) 225.8 ± 8.9 208 ± 10.0 224.1 ± 15.8 Low-density muscle (cm2) 50.6 ± 4.2 51.3 ± 6.7 49.4 ± 7.3 Normal-density muscle (cm2) 175.3 ± 7.5 156.6 ± 12.8 174.8 ± 11.1 -
Data are n or means ± SE.
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- Table 2—
Changes in anthropometric, fitness, CT, and glucose disposal measures after 16 weeks
Control group Ae + RT Ae only Absolute % Absolute % Absolute % Weight (kg) 2.0 ± 1.2 2.1 ± 1.3 −2.9 ± 1.3* 3.2 ± 1.5 −1.2 ± 0.7* 1.5 ± 0.8 Vo2peak (l/min) −0.05 ± 0.06 −2.9 ± 3.4 0.17 ± 0.06 10.2 ± 3.7 0.22 ± 0.11 13.1 ± 6.5 Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) −0.03 ± 0.20 −0.43 ± 0.29 −0.1 ± 0.22 −1.4 ± 3.2 −0.10 ± 0.11 1.59 ± 1.74 Glucose infusion rate (mg · kg−1 · min−1) 0.07 ± 0.28 3.1 ± 12.2 1.82 ± 0.52* 77.1 ± 22.0 0.55 ± 0.36 19.8 ± 12.9 CT Total abdominal AT (L4–L5) (cm2) 17.1 ± 18.0 2.1 ± 2.2 −48.3 ± 18.4* −6.7 ± 2.6 −17.0 ± 10.3 −2.8 ± 1.7 Subcutaneous (cm2) 17.4 ± 9.0 3.2 ± 1.6 −22.0 ± 15.4 −4.7 ± 3.3 −8.2 ± 9.7 −2.0 ± 2.4 Visceral (cm2) −0.4 ± 12.0 −0.15 ± 4.6 −26.3 ± 7.4 −10.5 ± 2.9 −8.8 ± 5.4 −4.1 ± 2.5 Midthigh skeletal muscle Cross-sectional area (cm2) 0.7 ± 1.6 0.3 ± 0.7 5.9 ± 2.0 2.8 ± 1.0 0.9 ± 2.1 0.4 ± 0.9 Low-density muscle (cm2) 3.2 ± 1.0 6.3 ± 2.0 −4.1 ± 2.5* −8.0 ± 4.9 −1.4 ± 1.3* 2.8 ± 2.6 Normal-density muscle (cm2) −3.5 ± 1.7 −2.0 ± 1.0 10.5 ± 2.0*† 6.7 ± 1.3 2.3 ± 1.8* 1.3 ± 1.0