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Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition

Effective Exercise Modality to Reduce Insulin Resistance in Women With Type 2 Diabetes

  1. Darcye J. Cuff, MSC12,
  2. Graydon S. Meneilly, MD3,
  3. Alan Martin, PHD2,
  4. Andrew Ignaszewski, MD, FRCPC1,
  5. Hugh D. Tildesley, MD1 and
  6. Jiri J. Frohlich, MD, FRCPC1
  1. 1St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  2. 2School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  3. 3Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Darcye Cuff, Healthy Heart Program, Rm. B180, St. Paul’s Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6. E-mail: dcuff{at}providencehealth.bc.ca
Diabetes Care 2003 Nov; 26(11): 2977-2982. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977
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Article Figures & Tables

Tables

  • Table 1—

    Initial subject characteristics

    Control groupAe+RTAe only
    n9109
    Age (years)60.0 ± 2.963.4 ± 2.259.4 ± 1.9
    Duration of diabetes (years)4.7 ± 1.23.7 ± 0.93.2 ± 0.6
    Number of participants treated with:
     Diet only266
     Single oral agent312
     Two or more oral agents431
    Weight (kg)95.6 ± 6.589.5 ± 3.981.2 ± 3.8
    BMI (kg/m2)36.7 ± 2.033.3 ± 1.532.5 ± 1.4
    Waist circumference (cm)119.0 ± 2.1111.1 ± 2.1106.1 ± 2.3
    (Vo2 l/min)1.75 ± 0.121.64 ± 0.101.68 ± 0.11
    Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)6.9 ± 0.46.9 ± 0.46.3 ± 0.2
    Glucose infusion rate (mg · kg−1 · min−1)2.29 ± 0.462.36 ± 0.332.78 ± 0.49
    CT
    Total abdominal AT (L4–L5) (cm2)808.4 ± 68.0720.0 ± 42.0616.8 ± 41.9
     Subcutaneous (cm2)549.3 ± 50.8468.9 ± 26.9401.2 ± 42.9
     Visceral (cm2)259.1 ± 34.4251.1 ± 22.9215.7 ± 25.8
    Midthigh skeletal muscle
     Cross-sectional area (cm2)225.8 ± 8.9208 ± 10.0224.1 ± 15.8
     Low-density muscle (cm2)50.6 ± 4.251.3 ± 6.749.4 ± 7.3
     Normal-density muscle (cm2)175.3 ± 7.5156.6 ± 12.8174.8 ± 11.1
    • Data are n or means ± SE.

  • Table 2—

    Changes in anthropometric, fitness, CT, and glucose disposal measures after 16 weeks

    Control group
    Ae + RT
    Ae only
    Absolute%Absolute%Absolute%
    Weight (kg)2.0 ± 1.22.1 ± 1.3−2.9 ± 1.3*3.2 ± 1.5−1.2 ± 0.7*1.5 ± 0.8
    Vo2peak (l/min)−0.05 ± 0.06−2.9 ± 3.40.17 ± 0.0610.2 ± 3.70.22 ± 0.1113.1 ± 6.5
    Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)−0.03 ± 0.20−0.43 ± 0.29−0.1 ± 0.22−1.4 ± 3.2−0.10 ± 0.111.59 ± 1.74
    Glucose infusion rate (mg · kg−1 · min−1)0.07 ± 0.283.1 ± 12.21.82 ± 0.52*77.1 ± 22.00.55 ± 0.3619.8 ± 12.9
    CT
    Total abdominal AT (L4–L5) (cm2)17.1 ± 18.02.1 ± 2.2−48.3 ± 18.4*−6.7 ± 2.6−17.0 ± 10.3−2.8 ± 1.7
     Subcutaneous (cm2)17.4 ± 9.03.2 ± 1.6−22.0 ± 15.4−4.7 ± 3.3−8.2 ± 9.7−2.0 ± 2.4
     Visceral (cm2)−0.4 ± 12.0−0.15 ± 4.6−26.3 ± 7.4−10.5 ± 2.9−8.8 ± 5.4−4.1 ± 2.5
    Midthigh skeletal muscle
     Cross-sectional area (cm2)0.7 ± 1.60.3 ± 0.75.9 ± 2.02.8 ± 1.00.9 ± 2.10.4 ± 0.9
     Low-density muscle (cm2)3.2 ± 1.06.3 ± 2.0−4.1 ± 2.5*−8.0 ± 4.9−1.4 ± 1.3*2.8 ± 2.6
     Normal-density muscle (cm2)−3.5 ± 1.7−2.0 ± 1.010.5 ± 2.0*†6.7 ± 1.32.3 ± 1.8*1.3 ± 1.0
    • Data are means ± SEM.

    • ↵* Significant change compared with control group (P < 0.05).

    • ↵† Significant change compared with Ae only.

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Diabetes Care: 26 (11)

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Effective Exercise Modality to Reduce Insulin Resistance in Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Darcye J. Cuff, Graydon S. Meneilly, Alan Martin, Andrew Ignaszewski, Hugh D. Tildesley, Jiri J. Frohlich
Diabetes Care Nov 2003, 26 (11) 2977-2982; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977

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Effective Exercise Modality to Reduce Insulin Resistance in Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Darcye J. Cuff, Graydon S. Meneilly, Alan Martin, Andrew Ignaszewski, Hugh D. Tildesley, Jiri J. Frohlich
Diabetes Care Nov 2003, 26 (11) 2977-2982; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.2977
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