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Pathophysiology/Complications

Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and Insulin Sensitivity

  1. Aafje Sierksma, MSC12,
  2. Hamina Patel, MD3,
  3. Noriyuki Ouchi, MD4,
  4. Shinji Kihara, MD, PHD4,
  5. Tohru Funahashi, MD, PHD4,
  6. Robert J. Heine, MD, PHD5,
  7. Diederick E. Grobbee, MD, PHD2,
  8. Cornelis Kluft, PHD6 and
  9. Henk F.J. Hendriks, PHD1
  1. 1Department of Nutritional Physiology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Nutrition and Food Research, Zeist, the Netherlands
  2. 2Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
  3. 3Clinical Studies Department, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research BIBRA International, Carshalton, Surrey, U.K.
  4. 4Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
  5. 5Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
  6. 6Gaubius Laboratory, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Prevention and Health, Leiden, the Netherlands
  1. Address correspondence reprint requests to Dr. Henk F.J. Hendriks, Department of Nutritional Physiology, TNO NutritionFood Research, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. E-mail: hendriks{at}voeding.tno.nl
Diabetes Care 2004 Jan; 27(1): 184-189. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.1.184
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE—Epidemiological studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumers have enhanced insulin sensitivity and a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived plasma protein, has been found to be negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with insulin sensitivity. Moderate alcohol consumption may increase adiponectin, which in turn causes a decrease of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. A decreased TNF-α level may consequently increase insulin sensitivity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—To test this hypothesis, we performed a randomized crossover partially diet-controlled study. A total of 23 healthy middle-aged male subjects consumed daily four glasses of whisky (40 g ethanol) or tap water with dinner during two successive periods of 17 days.

RESULTS—Moderate alcohol consumption increased plasma adiponectin level (11%; P = 0.0002) but did not affect plasma TNF-α level. An increase in insulin sensitivity index was observed in an insulin-resistant subgroup (21%; P = 0.11), which positively correlated with the relative alcohol-induced increase in plasma adiponectin level (r = 0.73, P = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS—The experimental results are in agreement with observational data. Moderate alcohol consumption improved insulin sensitivity in relatively insulin-resistant middle-aged men, an effect that may be mediated through alcohol-induced increases in adiponectin.

  • ISI, insulin sensitivity index
  • TNF, tumor necrosis factor

Footnotes

  • A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.

    • Accepted October 2, 2003.
    • Received April 14, 2003.
  • DIABETES CARE
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Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and Insulin Sensitivity
Aafje Sierksma, Hamina Patel, Noriyuki Ouchi, Shinji Kihara, Tohru Funahashi, Robert J. Heine, Diederick E. Grobbee, Cornelis Kluft, Henk F.J. Hendriks
Diabetes Care Jan 2004, 27 (1) 184-189; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.1.184

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Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and Insulin Sensitivity
Aafje Sierksma, Hamina Patel, Noriyuki Ouchi, Shinji Kihara, Tohru Funahashi, Robert J. Heine, Diederick E. Grobbee, Cornelis Kluft, Henk F.J. Hendriks
Diabetes Care Jan 2004, 27 (1) 184-189; DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.1.184
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