Influence of Hepatic Steatosis (Fatty Liver) on Severity and Composition of Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes
Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Figure 1—
Correlation between serum triglycerides and hepatic steatosis (L/S ratio). A: Across the whole spectrum of steatosis (r = −0.40, P < 0.01). B: Correlation analyzed within the group with none or minimal steatosis, i.e., L/S ratios ≥1.0 (r = −0.69, P < 0.01).
- Figure 2—
Measurements of insulin sensitivity in groups with normal, moderate, and severe steatosis. A: Insulin sensitivity measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. LBM, lean body mass; Rd, systemic glucose disposal rate. B: Estimated insulin resistance under fasting conditions by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). C: Fasting EGP rates. D: Insulin-suppressed EGP rates during the euglycemic clamp. *P < 0.05, †P < 0.01 vs. normal group.
Tables
- Table 1—
Patient characteristics stratified by L/S ratio
L/S ratio tertiles Upper: normal Mid: moderate steatosis Lower: severe steatosis n 22 23 22 Range of L/S ratio 1.006–1.346 0.793–0.997 0.153–0.784 L/S ratio 1.16 ± 0.02 0.89 ± 0.01* 0.64 ± 0.03*† Percent women 59 61 55 Age (years) 52.87 ± 1.71 50.34 ± 1.45 52.32 ± 1.84 A1C (%) 8.27 ± 0.30 8.45 ± 0.38 7.88 ± 0.28 Fasting glucose (mmol/l) 10.00 ± 0.48 10.23 ± 0.56 10.10 ± 0.61 Fasting insulin (pmol/l) 76.20 ± 17.52 109.4 ± 11.16‡ 114.1 ± 10.50‡ Fasting FFAs (mmol/l) 0.64 ± 0.03 0.74 ± 0.03 0.67 ± 0.03 BMI (kg/m2) 30.91 ± 0.91 36.52 ± 1.31‡ 33.87 ± 0.85 Percent body fat 35.15 ± 2.07 40.90 ± 1.54 36.74 ± 1.36 STAT (cm2) 113.77 ± 13.55 135.62 ± 13.74 102.49 ± 10.21 SAT (cm2) 403.27 ± 30.35 459.24 ± 25.58 409.49 ± 25.06 VAT (cm2) 176.38 ± 15.97 271.99 ± 19.35* 273.36 ± 16.03* - Table 2—
Serum lipoprotein profile, particle size, and numbers
Normal Moderate steatosis Severe steatosis Serum lipids (mmol/l) Triglycerides 1.57 ± 0.12 2.07 ± 0.15* 2.28 ± 0.20† HDL cholesterol 1.28 ± 0.06 1.12 ± 0.05* 1.01 ± 0.04† LDL cholesterol 3.25 ± 0.16 3.38 ± 0.17 3.25 ± 0.16 Total cholesterol 5.12 ± 0.17 5.27 ± 0.19 5.05 ± 0.19 ApoB (g/l) 0.94 ± 0.05 1.04 ± 0.04 1.03 ± 0.05 Particle size (nm) VLDL 53.37 ± 1.40 58.73 ± 2.34* 60.88 ± 1.82* LDL 21.23 ± 0.18 20.95 ± 0.26 20.35 ± 0.20* HDL 8.74 ± 0.10 8.52 ± 0.09* 8.33 ± 0.05*‡ Particle concentration Chylomicrons (nmol/l) 0.03 ± 0.00 0.02 ± 0.00 0.03 ± 0.01 VLDL (nmol/l) 71.20 ± 7.60 77.88 ± 5.43 78.77 ± 6.90 LDL (μmol/l) 1.22 ± 0.08 1.38 ± 0.07 1.49 ± 0.10 Small, dense LDL 0.65 ± 0.08 0.81 ± 0.11* 1.12 ± 0.12† Large, buoyant LDL 0.51 ± 0.05 0.49 ± 0.08 0.30 ± 0.05*‡ IDL 0.06 ± 0.01 0.08 ± 0.01 0.08 ± 0.01 HDL (μmol/l) 23.34 ± 1.66 22.95 ± 1.95 23.19 ± 1.58
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