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Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research

One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes

  1. Bonnie J. Brehm, PHD1,
  2. Barbara L. Lattin, MS1,
  3. Suzanne S. Summer, MS1,
  4. Jane A. Boback, BS1,
  5. Gina M. Gilchrist, BS1,
  6. Ronald J. Jandacek, PHD2 and
  7. David A. D’Alessio, MD2
  1. 1College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
  2. 2College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
  1. Corresponding author: Bonnie J. Brehm, bonnie.brehm{at}uc.edu
Diabetes Care 2009 Feb; 32(2): 215-220. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc08-0687
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high–monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and high-carbohydrate (CHO) diets on body weight and glycemic control in men and women with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes (n = 124, age = 56.5 ± 0.8 years, BMI = 35.9 ± 0.3 kg/m2, and A1C = 7.3 ± 0.1%) were randomly assigned to 1 year of a high-MUFA or high-CHO diet. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 months of dieting.

RESULTS—Baseline characteristics were similar between the treatment groups. The overall retention rate for 1 year was 77% (69% for the high-MUFA group and 84% for the high-CHO group; P = 0.06). Based on food records, both groups had similar energy intake but a significant difference in MUFA intake. Both groups had similar weight loss over 1 year (−4.0 ± 0.8 vs. −3.8 ± 0.6 kg) and comparable improvement in body fat, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, A1C, and fasting glucose and insulin. There were no differences in these parameters between the groups. A follow-up assessment of a subset of participants (n = 36) was conducted 18 months after completion of the 52-week diet. These participants maintained their weight loss and A1C during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONS—In individuals with type 2 diabetes, high-MUFA diets are an alternative to conventional lower-fat, high-CHO diets with comparable beneficial effects on body weight, body composition, cardiovascular risk factors, and glycemic control.

Footnotes

  • Published ahead of print at http://care.diabetesjournals.org on 28 October 2008.

    Clinical trial reg. no. NCT00622960, clinicaltrials.gov.

    Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

    The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted October 16, 2008.
    • Received April 9, 2008.
  • DIABETES CARE
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One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes
Bonnie J. Brehm, Barbara L. Lattin, Suzanne S. Summer, Jane A. Boback, Gina M. Gilchrist, Ronald J. Jandacek, David A. D’Alessio
Diabetes Care Feb 2009, 32 (2) 215-220; DOI: 10.2337/dc08-0687

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One-Year Comparison of a High–Monounsaturated Fat Diet With a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes
Bonnie J. Brehm, Barbara L. Lattin, Suzanne S. Summer, Jane A. Boback, Gina M. Gilchrist, Ronald J. Jandacek, David A. D’Alessio
Diabetes Care Feb 2009, 32 (2) 215-220; DOI: 10.2337/dc08-0687
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