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Original Research

Efficacy of Primary Prevention Interventions When Fasting and Postglucose Dysglycemia Coexist

Analysis of the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programmes (IDPP-1 and IDPP-2)

  1. Ambady Ramachandran, MD,
  2. Nanditha Arun, MD,
  3. Ananth Samith Shetty, MBBS, MDRC and
  4. Chamukuttan Snehalatha, DSC
  1. From the India Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. A. Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, Chennai, India.
  1. Corresponding author: Ambady Ramachandran, ramachandran{at}vsnl.com.
Diabetes Care 2010 Oct; 33(10): 2164-2168. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-1150
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    Figure 1

    The selection of original cohorts for the two studies, randomization, and the final outcome in the available subjects at the 3rd-year follow-up are shown. The selection criteria for this analysis and the baseline distribution of subjects in group 1 (iIGT) and group 2 (IGT + IFG) are also shown.

Tables

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  • Table 1

    Comparison of characteristics of study subjects with iIGT (group 1) and IGT + IFG (group 2)

    VariablesGroup 1Group 2
    n (%)667 (78.9)178 (21.1)
    Men:Women559:108140:38
    Age (years)*45.5 ± 6.046.0 ± 5.8
    BMI (kg/m2)*25.7 ± 3.226.4 ± 3.8
    Waist circumference (cm)*89.6 ± 8.291.3 ± 8.4
    Blood pressure (mmHg)*
        Systolic120.4 ± 13.7119.4 ± 12.5
        Diastolic75.0 ± 9.675.6 ± 10.2
    Plasma glucose (mmol/l)*
        Fasting5.2 ± 0.66.4 ± 0.2**
        30 min9.4 ± 1.710.6 ± 1.7**
        120 min8.4 ± 1.09.1 ± 1.3**
    Plasma insulin (pmol/l)†
        Fasting108114
        30 min480420
        120 min618612
    HOMA-IR†4.25.5**
    δ I/G†39.428.0**
    • ↵*Means ± SD,

    • ↵†median values,

    • ↵**P = 0.000 vs. group 1.

  • Table 2

    Glycemic outcome up to 3 years in relation to interventions

    OutcomeiIGT (group 1)IGT + IFG (group 2)
    Control
    n9926
        NGT14 (14.1)4 (15.4)
        IGT34 (34.3)5 (19.2)
        Diabetes51 (51.5)17 (65.4)
    LSM
    n22473
        NGT80 (35.7)*15 (20.5)
        IGT78 (34.8)25 (34.2)
        Diabetes66 (29.5)*33 (45.2)
    Drug (metformin)
    n10619
        NGT29 (27.4)*1 (5.3)
        IGT36 (33.9)4 (21.0)
        Diabetes41 (38.7)14 (73.7)
    LSM + drug
    n23860
        NGT91 (38.2)*12 (20.0)
        IGT81 (34.0)12 (20.0)
        Diabetes66 (27.7)*36 (60.0)**
    • Data are n (%). Intragroup comparison:

    • ↵*P = 0.000 vs. control; intergroup comparison:

    • ↵**P = 0.000.

  • Table 3

    Results of Cox regression analyses (dependent variable: diabetes)

    Independent variableβHazard ratio95% CIP
    Model 1
        Intervention vs. control 1−0.50.610.47–0.800.000
        Group 2 vs. group 10.691.991.57–2.520.000
    Model 2
        Intervention vs. control−0.600.550.40–0.750.000
        Group 2 vs. group 10.41.490.86–2.580.16
        Intervention vs. control × group 2 vs. group 10.361.440.78–2.640.24
    Model 3
        Age (years)0.0011.000.98–1.020.97
        Sex−0.450.640.46–0.890.01
        BMI (kg/m2)0.021.020.99–1.060.173
        HOMA-IR0.011.010.97–1.050.65
        Intervention vs. control−0.640.530.39–0.720.000
        Group 2 vs. group 10.321.380.78–2.430.27
        Intervention vs. control × group 2 vs. group 10.451.580.85–2.920.15
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Diabetes Care: 33 (10)

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October 2010, 33(10)
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Efficacy of Primary Prevention Interventions When Fasting and Postglucose Dysglycemia Coexist
Ambady Ramachandran, Nanditha Arun, Ananth Samith Shetty, Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Diabetes Care Oct 2010, 33 (10) 2164-2168; DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1150

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Efficacy of Primary Prevention Interventions When Fasting and Postglucose Dysglycemia Coexist
Ambady Ramachandran, Nanditha Arun, Ananth Samith Shetty, Chamukuttan Snehalatha
Diabetes Care Oct 2010, 33 (10) 2164-2168; DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1150
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