Impact of a Preconception Counseling Program for Teens With Type 1 Diabetes (READY-Girls) on Patient-Provider Interaction, Resource Utilization, and Cost

Original Research

¹University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
²University of Michigan Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
³Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
⁴Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Diabetes Care 2010 Apr; 33(4): 701-705. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-1821

Article Figures & Tables

Table 1

Group response profiles for outcome variables at baseline, immediately after intervention, and 9-month follow-up post-test values

	Intervention group (n = 42)		Control group (n = 45)		F	P
	Mean ± SE	Range	Mean ± SE	Range	F	P
Diabetes and pregnancy knowledge^*
Group					32.34	<0.001
Time					37.44	<0.001
Group-by-time					32.3	<0.0001
Baseline	52.1 ± 3.6	45–59.3	46.7 ± 3.5	39.7–53.7
Immediately after intervention	82.2 ± 3.1	76–88.4	48.3 ± 3.1	42.3–54.4
9-Month follow-up	81.3 ± 3.5	74.3–88.3	53.5 ± 3.3	46.9–60
Benefits^†
Group					9.70	0.0025
Time					14.02	<0.0001
Group-by-time					11.2	<0.0001
Baseline	16.5 ± 0.5	15.5–17.6	16 ± 0.5	15–17.1
Immediately after intervention	19.3 ± 0.4	18.5–20.3	16.2 ± 0.4	15.5–17
9-Month follow-up	18.3 ± 0.5	17.4–19.3	16.7 ± 0.5	15.8–17.6
Intention to initiate discussion^‡
Group					1.06	0.31
Time					15.54	<0.0001
Baseline	8.71 ± 0.4	7.6–9.8	8.87 ± 0.69	7.75–9.97
Immediately after intervention	11.11 ± 0.5	9.9–12.3	10.1 ± 0.33	9.0–11.3
9-Month follow-up	11.2 ± 0.6	10.1–12.6	9.77 ± 0.46	8.8–11.2
Group-by-time					1.56	0.21
Initiating discussion^§
Group					1.90	0.17
Time					14.6	0.0003
Baseline	0.7 ± 0.09	0.4–0.9	0.6 ± 0.09	0.3–0.9
9-Month follow-up	1.4 ± 0.15	1.0–1.9	1.0 ± 0.15	0.5–1.4
Group-by-time					1.83	0.18

↵*Knowledge of diabetes and pregnancy, a summation of 12 dichotomous items (correct = 1, incorrect = 0, % correct).
↵†Perceived benefits of seeking and using family planning, a summation of 5 Likert-type items (possible range 5–25).
↵‡Intention to initiate discussion with health care provider, a summation of 2 Likert-type items (possible range 2–14).
↵§Actual initiation of discussion with health care provider, a summation of 4 dichotomous items (possible range 0–4), showing group change from baseline and at 9 months.

Table 2

READY-Girls: resource use (minutes) by treatment group

Data are means ± SD and median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated.
↵‡Clinic time = face-to-face with health care provider, not intervention time.
↵§Means weighted by participation weights (proportion of group that participated) before computing the weighted sum of means.