Effect of Ezetimibe on Hepatic Fat, Inflammatory Markers, and Apolipoprotein B-100 Kinetics in Insulin-Resistant Obese Subjects on a Weight Loss Diet

Original Research

From the Metabolic Research Centre, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Diabetes Care 2010 May; 33(5): 1134-1139. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-1765

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Figure 1
Effects of weight loss and ezetimibe plus weight loss on intrahepatic triglyceride content in obese subjects. There was no significant group difference in preintervention intrahepatic triglyceride content (P > 0.05). *P < 0.05, value significantly different from baseline value. **Value significantly different using general linear modeling after adjustment for weight loss group.

Table 1

Clinical and biochemical characteristics before and after intervention in the weight loss and ezetimibe plus weight loss groups

	Weight loss		Ezetimibe plus weight loss
	0	22 weeks	0	22 weeks
n	10		15
Body weight (kg)	100 ± 6	94 ± 5^*	94 ± 3	87 ± 3^*
BMI (kg/m²)	33 ± 1	31 ± 1^*	32 ± 1	31 ± 1^*
Waist (cm)	107 ± 4	98 ± 4^*	106 ± 2	96 ± 2^*
Total fat mass (kg)	39 ± 4	35 ± 4^*	37 ± 3	32 ± 3^*
Fat-free mass (kg)	60 ± 3	59 ± 3	56 ± 3	55 ± 3
Visceral fat at L3 vertebra (cm²)	278 ± 38	228 ± 36^†	257 ± 25	213 ± 22^*
Subcutaneous fat at L3 vertebra (cm²)	358 ± 43	316 ± 36^†	278 ± 30	257 ± 28^†
Intrahepatic triglyceride content (%)	22 ± 5	16 ± 4^*	18 ± 3	10 ± 2^*^‡
Alanine aminotransferase (U/l)	32 ± 5	26 ± 4	29 ± 2	30 ± 3
Cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.8 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.2	5.8 ± 0.3	4.9 ± 0.3^*^‡
Triglyceride (mmol/l)	1.7 ± 0.3	1.3 ± 0.2^†	2.0 ± 0.2	1.5 ± 0.1^*
Nonesterified fatty acids (mEq/l)	0.62 ± 0.07	0.56 ± 0.06	0.74 ± 0.11	0.75 ± 0.10
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.3 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.1	1.1 ± 0.1	1.1 ± 0.1
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	3.7 ± 0.2	3.7 ± 0.2	3.8 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.2^*^‡
Lathosterol (μmol/l)	12 ± 1	10 ± 2^*	12 ± 1	15 ± 2^†
Campesterol (μmol/l)	5.4 ± 0.9	4.9 ± 0.7	9.1 ± 1.5	3.2 ± 0.5^*
ApoA-I (g/l)	1.5 ± 0.1	1.5 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1
ApoB-100 (g/l)	1.2 ± 0.1	1.1 ± 0.1	1.2 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.1^*^‡
ApoC-III (mg/l)	176 ± 15	153 ± 16^*	186 ± 12	160 ± 13^*
Glucose (mmol/l)	5.5 ± 0.2	5.7 ± 0.2	5.5 ± 0.2	5.6 ± 0.1
Insulin (mU/l)	12 ± 2	10 ± 2^†	12 ± 1	9 ± 1^†
HOMA score	3.1 ± 0.5	2.6 ± 0.4^†	2.9 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.3^†

Data are means ± SEM. There was no significant group difference in the variables at baseline.
↵*P < 0.01, value significantly different from baseline value.
↵†P < 0.05.
↵‡P< 0.05, value significantly different using general linear modeling after adjustment for relative changes in the weight loss group.

Table 2

Plasma hs-CRP, adipocytokine, and fetuin-A concentrations before and after intervention in the weight loss and ezetimibe plus weight loss groups

Data are means ± SEM.
↵*P <0.01, value significantly different from baseline value.
↵†P < 0.05.
↵‡P< 0.05, value significantly different using general linear modeling after adjustment for relative changes in the weight loss group.

Table 3

Kinetic indices for apoB-100 before and after intervention in the weight loss and ezetimibe plus weight loss groups

	Weight loss		Ezetimibe plus weight loss
	0	22 weeks	0	22 weeks
n	10		15
VLDL–apoB-100
Concentration (mg/l)	142 ± 123	123 ± 19^†	134 ± 12	109 ± 11^†
Fractional catabolic rate (pools/day)	4.8 ± 1.1	3.8 ± 0.4	3.9 ± 0.4	4.2 ± 0.3
Production rate (mg/kg FFM/day)	41 ± 5	29 ± 7^†	38 ± 3	32 ± 4^†
IDL–apoB-100
Concentration (mg/l)	76 ± 10	74 ± 12	82 ± 9	65 ± 9^§
Fractional catabolic rate (pools/day)	3.9 ± 0.7	3.6 ± 0.3	3.5 ± 0.4	4.5 ± 0.5^§
Production rate (mg/kg FFM/day)	20 ± 3	18 ± 2	20 ± 2	18 ± 2
LDL–apoB-100
Concentration (mg/l)	957 ± 61	885 ± 36	952 ± 76	774 ± 62^*^‡
Fractional catabolic rate (pools/day)	0.35 ± 0.03	0.34 ± 0.03	0.31 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.03^*^‡
Production rate (mg/kg FFM/day)	26 ± 3	22 ± 2	22 ± 1	21 ± 2

Data are means ± SEM.
↵*P <0.01, value significantly different from baseline value.
↵†P < 0.05.
↵‡P< 0.05, value significantly different using general linear modeling after adjustment for relative changes in the weight loss group.
↵§P = 0.06, value different from baseline value.