Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Eating Plan on Cardiovascular Risks Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients
A randomized crossover clinical trial
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Tables
- Table 1
Means of the cardiometabolic variables among type 2 diabetic patients after consumption of the DASH or control diet
Control diet* DASH diet† P‡ n 31 31 Weight (kg) Baseline 75.0 ± 1.7 73.4 ± 1.8 0.001 End of trial 72.9 ± 1.8 68.4 ± 1.7 0.001 Change −2.0 ± 0.3 −5.0 ± 0.9 0.006 Waist circumference (cm) Baseline 104.6 ± 1.9 103.4 ± 2.0 0.01 End of trial 102.7 ± 2.0 96.6 ± 1.9 0.001 Change −1.9 ± 0.4 −6.7 ± 1.2 0.002 SBP (mmHg) Baseline 137.4 ± 2.8 134.5 ± 3.8 0.39 End of trial 134.2 ± 3.1 120.8 ± 3.2 0.001 Change −3.1 ± 2.7 −13.6 ± 3.5 0.02 DBP (mmHg) Baseline 81.9 ± 2.2 81.8 ± 1.7 0.95 End of trial 81.2 ± 2.9 72.2 ± 2.7 0.01 Change −0.7 ± 3.3 −9.5 ± 2.6 0.04 FBG (mg/dl) Baseline 171.8 ± 10.9 160.9 ± 10.1 0.73 End of trial 159.0 ± 8.3 131.5 ± 7.3 0.003 Change −12.8 ± 6.7 −29.4 ± 6.3 0.04 A1C (%) Baseline 7.9 ± 1.9 7.7 ± 1.9 0.19 End of trial 7.4 ± 1.7 6.1 ± 0.5 0.05 Change −0.5 ± 0.02 −1.7 ± 0.1 0.04 TG (mg/dl) Baseline 189.7 ± 19.3 170.7 ± 12.4 0.17 End of trial 178.7 ± 18.4 185.1 ± 13.8 0.53 Change −10.9 ± 6.8 −14.4 ± 10.7 0.79 HDL-C (mg/dl) Baseline 41.2 ± 1.0 41.2 ± 1.0 0.97 End of trial 42.5 ± 1.0 45.6 ± 1.1 0.001 Change 1.3 ± 0.7 4.3 ± 0.9 0.001 LDL-C (mg/dl) Baseline 114.7 ± 3.5 118.7 ± 3.6 0.23 End of trial 111.9 ± 4.1 101.5 ± 3.1 0.02 Change −2.7 ± 4.8 −17.2 ± 3.5 0.02 Total cholesterol (mg/dl) Baseline 213.3 ± 6.0 214.9 ± 5.7 0.80 End of trial 205.0 ± 6.6 192.7 ± 4.6 0.03 Change −8.3 ± 6.3 −22.1 ± 5.7 0.11 Data are means ± SE.
↵*The control diet was a designed to control diabetes. The general recommendation for macronutrient composition of the diet was 50–60% carbohydrates; 15–20% protein and <30% total fat. The amount of simple sugar was less than 5% of calorie intake.
↵†The DASH diet was rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products, and low in saturated fat, total fat, cholesterol, refined grains, and sweets. The amount of sodium intake was 2,400 mg per day.
↵‡P values are for comparisons between the two diet periods (general linear model). DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglyceride.
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