Skip to main content
  • More from ADA
    • Diabetes
    • Clinical Diabetes
    • Diabetes Spectrum
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
  • Subscribe
  • Log in
  • My Cart
  • Follow ada on Twitter
  • RSS
  • Visit ada on Facebook
Diabetes Care

Advanced Search

Main menu

  • Home
  • Current
    • Current Issue
    • Online Ahead of Print
    • Special Article Collections
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
  • Browse
    • By Topic
    • Issue Archive
    • Saved Searches
    • Special Article Collections
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
  • Info
    • About the Journal
    • About the Editors
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Guidance for Reviewers
  • Reprints/Reuse
  • Advertising
  • Subscriptions
    • Individual Subscriptions
    • Institutional Subscriptions and Site Licenses
    • Access Institutional Usage Reports
    • Purchase Single Issues
  • Alerts
    • E­mail Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
  • Podcasts
    • Diabetes Core Update
    • Special Podcast Series: Therapeutic Inertia
    • Special Podcast Series: Influenza Podcasts
    • Special Podcast Series: SGLT2 Inhibitors
    • Special Podcast Series: COVID-19
  • Submit
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • ADA Peer Review
  • More from ADA
    • Diabetes
    • Clinical Diabetes
    • Diabetes Spectrum
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care

User menu

  • Subscribe
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Diabetes Care
  • Home
  • Current
    • Current Issue
    • Online Ahead of Print
    • Special Article Collections
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
  • Browse
    • By Topic
    • Issue Archive
    • Saved Searches
    • Special Article Collections
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care
  • Info
    • About the Journal
    • About the Editors
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Guidance for Reviewers
  • Reprints/Reuse
  • Advertising
  • Subscriptions
    • Individual Subscriptions
    • Institutional Subscriptions and Site Licenses
    • Access Institutional Usage Reports
    • Purchase Single Issues
  • Alerts
    • E­mail Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
  • Podcasts
    • Diabetes Core Update
    • Special Podcast Series: Therapeutic Inertia
    • Special Podcast Series: Influenza Podcasts
    • Special Podcast Series: SGLT2 Inhibitors
    • Special Podcast Series: COVID-19
  • Submit
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • ADA Peer Review
Online Letters: Observations

Nationwide Survey of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes and Prediabetes in Bangladeshi Adults

  1. Shamima Akter1⇑,
  2. Md. Mizanur Rahman2,3,
  3. Sarah Krull Abe2 and
  4. Papia Sultana4
  1. 1Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  2. 2Department of Global Health Policy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  3. 3Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  4. 4Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  1. Corresponding author: Shamima Akter, samimarub{at}yahoo.com.
Diabetes Care 2014 Jan; 37(1): e9-e10. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-1647
PreviousNext
  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Diabetes is a major noncommunicable disease, ranking as a leading cause of death and disability worldwide (1). Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is ∼8%, and nearly 80% of patients with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries (2). Like many developing countries, prevalence of diabetes in Bangladesh increased substantially from 4% in 1990 to 10% in 2011 and is projected to reach 13% by 2030 (3,4). Despite this heavy burden, currently there are no epidemiologic studies in Bangladesh that investigate prevalence of diabetes and risk factors using nationally representative data. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes and identified associated risk factors using Bangladesh nationwide survey data by multilevel logistic regression models.

Our analysis was based on the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Data were available as of February 2013, including 8,835 residents (4,524 men and 4,311 women) aged ≥35 years. The overall response rate was 89.17%. After dropping of nonresponders and missing data related to working status and hypertension, the remaining sample was 7,541. The estimated age-adjusted prevalence was taken into account for complex survey design and sampling weights.

Overall, 795 persons (9.7% [95% CI 4.2–10.5]) had diabetes, and 1,786 persons (23.0% [95% CI 21.3–24.7]) had prediabetes. Prevalence was nearly similar in both sexes (diabetes: men 9.3%, women 10.4%; prediabetes: men, 22.9%, women, 23.3%). Among diabetic persons, nearly 56.0% (95% CI 51.2–60.7) were unaware that they had diabetes. Only 39.5% (95% CI 35.1–44.1) of diabetic persons received treatment from consulting doctors regularly. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, the odds of diabetes increased with increasing age (odds ratios of having diabetes for age-groups 35–39, 40–44, 45–49, 50–54,55–59, 60–69, and ≥70 years were 1.00 (reference), 1.17 [95% CI 0.86–1.57], 1.46 [1.09–1.96], 1.33 [0.97–1.82], 1.94 [1.40–2.68], 1.51 [1.09–2.08], and 1.82 [1.27–2.60], respectively) and with increasing weight (1.93 [1.52–2.47] among persons who were overweight/obese compared with normal-weight persons). The results also suggest that persons with higher education, those having hypertension, those belonging to the richest household, and the currently working group were more likely to have diabetes compared with their uneducated, nonhypertensive, poorest, and nonworking counterparts. Regarding prediabetes, age, education, and BMI showed a significant positive association. Bangladesh is a small country (147,570 km2); however, there was a striking variation of being diabetic and prediabetic across the geographic regions. The highest age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes was observed in the southeastern part (Chittagong, 12.4%, and Barisal, 11.6%) of the country, followed by central (Dhaka, 10.2%), middle-western (Rajshahi, 10.2%), eastern (Sylhet, 10.0%), northwestern (Rajgpur, 8.0%), and western (Khulna, 6.4%) parts. Regression models revealed that residents in the southeastern part of Bangladesh were almost two times more likely to be diabetic compared with those living in western parts.

In conclusion, diabetes has become a major public health issue in Bangladesh, affecting one in ten adults. However, significant proportions of adults were unaware of their diabetes disease status, and few with diabetes received treatment regularly. These results suggest that urgent action is necessary to stop diabetes development through improving detection, awareness, prevention, and treatment of diabetes.

Acknowledgments.

The authors are grateful to Monitoring and Evaluation to Assess and Use Results Demographic and Health Surveys (MEASURE DHS) for providing permission to use the 2011 Bangladesh DHS data.

Duality of Interest. The authors obtained the data used in this study from the MEASURE DHS Archive. The data were originally collected by Macro International Inc. (Calverton, MD). No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Author Contributions. S.A. conceptualized the analysis plan for this study, drafted the manuscript, performed the statistical analysis, and reviewed and approved the final manuscript. M.M.R. conceptualized the analysis plan for this study, performed the statistical analysis, contributed to data interpretation and discussion, and reviewed and approved the final manuscript. S.K.A. contributed to data interpretation and discussion and reviewed and approved the final manuscript. P.S. critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content and reviewed and approved the final manuscript. S.A. is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

  • © 2014 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

References

  1. ↵
    1. Lozano R,
    2. Naghavi M,
    3. Foreman K,
    4. et al
    . Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012;380:2095–2128
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  2. ↵
    1. International Diabetes Federation
    . IDF Diabetes Atlas. 5th ed. Brussels, Belgium, International Diabetes Federation, 2012
  3. ↵
    1. Rahim MA,
    2. Hussain A,
    3. Azad Khan AK,
    4. Sayeed MA,
    5. Keramat Ali SM,
    6. Vaaler S
    . Rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes in rural Bangladesh: a population based study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;77:300–305
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  4. ↵
    1. Saquib N,
    2. Saquib J,
    3. Ahmed T,
    4. Khanam MA,
    5. Cullen MR
    . Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 1995 and 2010. BMC Public Health 2012;12:434
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
View Abstract
PreviousNext
Back to top
Diabetes Care: 37 (1)

In this Issue

January 2014, 37(1)
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • About the Cover
  • Index by Author
  • Masthead (PDF)
Sign up to receive current issue alerts
View Selected Citations (0)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Diabetes Care.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Nationwide Survey of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes and Prediabetes in Bangladeshi Adults
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Diabetes Care
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the Diabetes Care web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Nationwide Survey of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes and Prediabetes in Bangladeshi Adults
Shamima Akter, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Sarah Krull Abe, Papia Sultana
Diabetes Care Jan 2014, 37 (1) e9-e10; DOI: 10.2337/dc13-1647

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Add to Selected Citations
Share

Nationwide Survey of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes and Prediabetes in Bangladeshi Adults
Shamima Akter, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Sarah Krull Abe, Papia Sultana
Diabetes Care Jan 2014, 37 (1) e9-e10; DOI: 10.2337/dc13-1647
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Acknowledgments.
    • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Artifactual Hypoglycemia: An Old Term for a New Classification
  • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Sunitinib Allows Insulin Independence in Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes
  • FGF23 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Relationship With Bone Metabolism and Vascular Disease
Show more Online Letters: Observations

Similar Articles

Navigate

  • Current Issue
  • Standards of Care Guidelines
  • Online Ahead of Print
  • Archives
  • Submit
  • Subscribe
  • Email Alerts
  • RSS Feeds

More Information

  • About the Journal
  • Instructions for Authors
  • Journal Policies
  • Reprints and Permissions
  • Advertising
  • Privacy Policy: ADA Journals
  • Copyright Notice/Public Access Policy
  • Contact Us

Other ADA Resources

  • Diabetes
  • Clinical Diabetes
  • Diabetes Spectrum
  • Scientific Sessions Abstracts
  • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
  • BMJ Open - Diabetes Research & Care
  • Professional Books
  • Diabetes Forecast

 

  • DiabetesJournals.org
  • Diabetes Core Update
  • ADA's DiabetesPro
  • ADA Member Directory
  • Diabetes.org

© 2021 by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care Print ISSN: 0149-5992, Online ISSN: 1935-5548.