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Epidemiology/Health Services Research

Trends in Glucose-Lowering Drug Use, Glycemic Control, and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Diabetes in Hong Kong, 2002–2016

  1. Aimin Yang1,2,
  2. Hongjiang Wu1,
  3. Eric S.H. Lau1,
  4. Ronald C.W. Ma1,2,3,
  5. Alice P.S. Kong1,2,3,
  6. Wing Yee So4,
  7. Andrea O.Y. Luk1,2,3,
  8. Juliana C.N. Chan1,2,3 and
  9. Elaine Chow1,2⇑
  1. 1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  2. 2Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  3. 3Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  4. 4Hong Kong Hospital Authority Head Office, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  1. Corresponding author: Elaine Chow, e.chow{at}cuhk.edu.hk
Diabetes Care 2020 Dec; 43(12): 2967-2974. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0260
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE There has been a shift toward new classes of glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) in the past decade but no improvements in glycemic control or hospitalization rates due to severe hypoglycemia (SH) in previous surveys. We examined trends in GLDs use, glycemic control, and SH rate among patients with diabetes in Hong Kong, which introduced a territory-wide, team-based diabetes care model since 2000.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using population-based data from the Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database, we estimated age- and sex-standardized proportion of GLD classes, mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and SH rates in 763,809 patients with diabetes aged ≥20 years between 2002 and 2016.

RESULTS Between 2002 and 2016, use declined for sulfonylureas (62.9% to 35.3%) but increased for metformin (48.4% to 61.4%) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) (0.01% in 2007 to 8.3%). The proportion of patients with HbA1c of 6.0–7.0% (42–53 mmol/mol) increased from 28.6% to 43.4%, while the SH rate declined from 4.2/100 person-years to 1.3/100 person-years. The main improvement in HbA1c occurred between 2007 and 2014, decreasing from mean (SD) 7.6% (1.6) (59.5 [19.0] mmol/mol) to 7.2% (1.7) (54.8 [18.9] mmol/mol) (P < 0.001). The 20–44 years age-group had the highest proportion of HbA1c ≥9% (75 mmol/mol) and rising proportions not on GLDs (from 2.0% to 7.7%).

CONCLUSIONS In this 15-year survey, the modest but important improvement in HbA1c since 2007 coincided with diabetes service reforms, increase in metformin, decrease in sulfonylureas, and modest rise in DPP-4i use. Persistently poor glycemic control and underuse of GLDs in the youngest group calls for targeted action.

Footnotes

  • This article contains supplementary material online at https://doi.org/10.2337/figshare.12970958.

  • Received February 5, 2020.
  • Accepted September 14, 2020.
  • © 2020 by the American Diabetes Association
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Diabetes Care: 43 (12)

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December 2020, 43(12)
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Trends in Glucose-Lowering Drug Use, Glycemic Control, and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Diabetes in Hong Kong, 2002–2016
Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S.H. Lau, Ronald C.W. Ma, Alice P.S. Kong, Wing Yee So, Andrea O.Y. Luk, Juliana C.N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Diabetes Care Dec 2020, 43 (12) 2967-2974; DOI: 10.2337/dc20-0260

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Trends in Glucose-Lowering Drug Use, Glycemic Control, and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Diabetes in Hong Kong, 2002–2016
Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S.H. Lau, Ronald C.W. Ma, Alice P.S. Kong, Wing Yee So, Andrea O.Y. Luk, Juliana C.N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Diabetes Care Dec 2020, 43 (12) 2967-2974; DOI: 10.2337/dc20-0260
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