Diabetes Care: 44 (4)

April 01 2021; volume 44 issue 4

Editor's Note

Open Access
A Special Thanks to the Reviewers of Diabetes Care
Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 855-857. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-en04

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Perspectives in Care

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Resolving the Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis Conundrum: The Need for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Treatment
Rudolf W. Bilous, Paul B. Jacklin, Michael J. Maresh and David A. Sacks

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 858-864. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2941

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Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research

Open Access
Association of Early-Phase In-Hospital Glycemic Fluctuation With Mortality in Adult Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Liangkai Chen, Wenwu Sun, Yanli Liu, Lijuan Zhang, Yanling Lv, Qiang Wang, Ding Long, Yujun Wang, Su Zhao, Shuang Rong, Li Yu and Liegang Liu

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 865-873. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0780

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Cost-effectiveness of Community-Based Depression Interventions for Rural and Urban Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Projections From Program ACTIVE (Adults Coming Together to Increase Vital Exercise) II
Shihchen Kuo, Wen Ye, Mary de Groot, Chandan Saha, Jay H. Shubrook, W. Guyton Hornsby, Yegan Pillay, Kieren J. Mather and William H. Herman

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 874-882. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1639

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Open Access
Association of Implementation of a Comprehensive Preconception-to-Pregnancy Management Plan With Pregnancy Outcomes Among Chinese Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARNATION Study
Xueying Zheng, Daizhi Yang, Sihui Luo, Jinhua Yan, Xiaohui Guo, Huixia Yang, Wei Bao, Leif Groop, Anne Dornhorst and Jianping Weng, on behalf of the CARNATION Study Group

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 883-892. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2692

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Examining the Relationship Between Delay Discounting, Delay Aversion, Diabetes Self-care Behaviors, and Diabetes Outcomes in U.S. Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Jennifer A. Campbell, Joni S. Williams and Leonard E. Egede

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 893-900. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2620

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Epidemiology/Health Services Research

Open Access
A Validated Prediction Model for End-Stage Kidney Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Dorte Vistisen, Gregers S. Andersen, Adam Hulman, Stuart J. McGurnaghan, Helen M. Colhoun, Jan E. Henriksen, Reimar W. Thomsen, Frederik Persson, Peter Rossing and Marit E. Jørgensen

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 901-907. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2586

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Quantifying Variation in Treatment Utilization for Type 2 Diabetes Across Five Major University of California Health Systems
Thomas A. Peterson, Valy Fontil, Suneil K. Koliwad, Ayan Patel and Atul J. Butte

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 908-914. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0344

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Glucose Control, Sulfonylureas, and Insulin Treatment in Elderly People With Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Severe Hypoglycemia and Death: An Observational Study
Suping Ling, Francesco Zaccardi, Claire Lawson, Samuel I. Seidu, Melanie J. Davies and Kamlesh Khunti

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 915-924. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0876

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Trends in Total and Out-of-pocket Payments for Noninsulin Glucose-Lowering Drugs Among U.S. Adults With Large-Employer Private Health Insurance From 2005 to 2018
Hui Shao, Michael Laxy, Stephen R. Benoit, Yiling J. Cheng, Edward W. Gregg and Ping Zhang

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 925-934. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2871

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Open Access
Comparisons of Polyexposure, Polygenic, and Clinical Risk Scores in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes
Yixuan He, Chirag M. Lakhani, Danielle Rasooly, Arjun K. Manrai, Ioanna Tzoulaki and Chirag J. Patel

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 935-943. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2049

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Open Access
Changes in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes in Mexico City Between 1998–2004 and 2015–2019
Diego Aguilar-Ramirez, Jesus Alegre-Díaz, Louisa Gnatiuc, Raúl Ramirez-Reyes, Rachel Wade, Michael Hill, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Jonathan R. Emberson, William G. Herrington, Pablo Kuri-Morales and Roberto Tapia-Conyer

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 944-951. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2276

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Emerging Therapies: Drugs and Regimens

Open Access
Efficacy and Safety of Imeglimin Monotherapy Versus Placebo in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (TIMES 1): A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multicenter Phase 3 Trial
Julie Dubourg, Pascale Fouqueray, Carole Thang, Jean-Marie Grouin and Kohjiro Ueki

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 952-959. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0763

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Open Access
The SimpliciT1 Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1b/2 Adaptive Study of TTP399, a Hepatoselective Glucokinase Activator, for Adjunctive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
Klara R. Klein, Jennifer L.R. Freeman, Imogene Dunn, Chris Dvergsten, M. Sue Kirkman, John B. Buse and Carmen Valcarce, on behalf of the SimpliciT1 research group

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 960-968. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2684

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Emerging Technologies: Data Systems and Devices

Open Access
Improved Glycemic Outcomes With Medtronic MiniMed Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Delivery: Results From a Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Automated Insulin Delivery With Predictive Low Glucose Suspend in People With Type 1 Diabetes
Olivia J. Collyns, Renee A. Meier, Zara L. Betts, Denis S.H. Chan, Chris Frampton, Carla M. Frewen, Niranjala M. Hewapathirana, Shirley D. Jones, Anirban Roy, Benyamin Grosman, Natalie Kurtz, John Shin, Robert A. Vigersky, Benjamin J. Wheeler and Martin I. de Bock

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 969-975. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2250

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Open Access
Thresholds of Glycemia and the Outcomes of COVID-19 Complicated With Diabetes: A Retrospective Exploratory Study Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Yun Shen, Xiaohong Fan, Lei Zhang, Yaxin Wang, Cheng Li, Jingyi Lu, Bingbing Zha, Yueyue Wu, Xiaohua Chen, Jian Zhou and Weiping Jia

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 976-982. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1448

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Pathophysiology/Complications

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Impact of Type 1 Diabetes in the Developing Brain in Children: A Longitudinal Study
Nelly Mauras, Bruce Buckingham, Neil H. White, Eva Tsalikian, Stuart A. Weinzimer, Booil Jo, Allison Cato, Larry A. Fox, Tandy Aye, Ana Maria Arbelaez, Tamara Hershey, Michael Tansey, William Tamborlane, Lara C. Foland-Ross, Hanyang Shen, Kimberly Englert, Paul Mazaika, Matthew Marzelli and Allan L. Reiss, for the Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet)

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 983-992. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2125

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Glucose Tolerance, and β-Cell Function in Adults With Prediabetes or Untreated Type 2 Diabetes in the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Study
Babak Mokhlesi, Ashley H. Tjaden, Karla A. Temple, Sharon L. Edelstein, Susan Sam, Kristen J. Nadeau, Tamara S. Hannon, Shalini Manchanda, Kieren J. Mather, Steven E. Kahn, David A. Ehrmann and Eve Van Cauter, for the RISE Consortium

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 993-1001. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2127

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Importance of Intestinal Environment and Cellular Plasticity of Islets in the Development of Postpancreatectomy Diabetes
Tatsuya Fukuda, Ryotaro Bouchi, Takato Takeuchi, Kikuko Amo-Shiinoki, Atsushi Kudo, Shinji Tanaka, Minoru Tanabe, Takumi Akashi, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Toshitaka Odamaki, Miki Igarashi, Ikuo Kimura, Katsuya Tanabe, Yukio Tanizawa, Tetsuya Yamada and Yoshihiro Ogawa

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1002-1011. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0864

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Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk

Open Access
Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Changes Are Not Related to Future Cardiovascular Disease and Death in People With and Without Dysglycemia: A Downfall of Risk Markers? The Whitehall II Cohort Study
Christian S. Hansen, Marit E. Jørgensen, Marek Malik, Daniel R. Witte, Eric J. Brunner, Adam G. Tabák, Mika Kivimäki and Dorte Vistisen

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1012-1019. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2490

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Open Access
Changes in Albuminuria Predict Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the LEADER Trial
Frederik Persson, Stephen C. Bain, Ofri Mosenzon, Hiddo J.L. Heerspink, Johannes F.E. Mann, Richard Pratley, Itamar Raz, Thomas Idorn, Søren Rasmussen, Bernt Johan von Scholten and Peter Rossing, on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1020-1026. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1622

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Liraglutide Increases the Catabolism of Apolipoprotein B100–Containing Lipoproteins in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Reduces Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Expression
Bruno Vergès, Laurence Duvillard, Jean Paul Pais de Barros, Benjamin Bouillet, Sabine Baillot-Rudoni, Alexia Rouland, Jean Michel Petit, Pascal Degrace and Laurent Demizieux

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1027-1037. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1843

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Association of Metabolic Phenotypes With Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Stable Chest Pain
Andreas A. Kammerlander, Thomas Mayrhofer, Maros Ferencik, Neha J. Pagidipati, Julia Karady, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Michael T. Lu, Daniel O. Bittner, Stefan B. Puchner, Nathan A. Bihlmeyer, Nandini M. Meyersohn, Hamed Emami, Svati H. Shah, Pamela S. Douglas and Udo Hoffmann, on behalf of the PROMISE Investigators

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1038-1045. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1760

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Association of Objectively Measured Timing of Physical Activity Bouts With Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes
Jingyi Qian, Michael P. Walkup, Shyh-Huei Chen, Peter H. Brubaker, Dale S. Bond, Phyllis A. Richey, John M. Jakicic, Kun Hu, Frank A.J.L. Scheer, Roeland J.W. Middelbeek and the Look AHEAD Research Group

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1046-1054. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2178

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Novel Communications in Diabetes

Open Access
Remote Continuous Glucose Monitoring With a Computerized Insulin Infusion Protocol for Critically Ill Patients in a COVID-19 Medical ICU: Proof of Concept
Georgia M. Davis, Eileen Faulds, Tara Walker, Debbie Vigliotti, Marina Rabinovich, Joi Hester, Limin Peng, Barbara McLean, Patricia Hannon, Norma Poindexter, Petrena Saunders, Citlalli Perez-Guzman, Seema S. Tekwani, Greg S. Martin, Guillermo Umpierrez, Shivani Agarwal, Kathleen Dungan and Francisco J. Pasquel

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1055-1058. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2085

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Open Access
Rapid Changes in Serum Testosterone in Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes With Intensive Insulin and Metformin
Yun Hu, Bo Ding, Yun Shen, Reng-Na Yan, Feng-Fei Li, Rui Sun, Ting Jing, Kok-Onn Lee and Jian-Hua Ma

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1059-1061. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1558

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Meta-analysis

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Accuracy of 1-Hour Plasma Glucose During the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Meta-analysis
Vasudha Ahuja, Pasi Aronen, T.A. Pramodkumar, Helen Looker, Angela Chetrit, Aini H. Bloigu, Auni Juutilainen, Cristina Bianchi, Lucia La Sala, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Rajendra Pradeepa, Ulagamadesan Venkatesan, Sarvanan Jebarani, Viswanathan Baskar, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Patrick Timpel, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Antonio Ceriello, Stefano Del Prato, Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Rachel Dankner, Peter H. Bennett, William C. Knowler, Peter Schwarz, Giorgio Sesti, Rie Oka, Viswanathan Mohan, Leif Groop, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Samuli Ripatti, Michael Bergman and Tiinamaija Tuomi

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1062-1069. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1688

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Errata

Open Access
Erratum. Health Care Utilization of Homeless Minors With Diabetes in New York State From 2009 to 2014. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2082–2089
Rie Sakai-Bizmark, Laurie A. Mena, Dennys Estevez, Eliza J. Webber, Emily H. Marr, Lauren E.M. Bedel and Jennifer K. Yee

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1070. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-er04

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Open Access
Erratum. Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: A Proteomic Study. Diabetes Care 2020;43:843–851
Giulia Ferrannini, Maria Laura Manca, Marco Magnoni, Felicita Andreotti, Daniele Andreini, Roberto Latini, Attilio Maseri, Aldo P. Maggioni, Rachel M. Ostroff, Stephen A. Williams and Ele Ferrannini

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1071. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-er04a

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Open Access
Erratum. Clinical Impact of Residual C-Peptide Secretion in Type 1 Diabetes on Glycemia and Microvascular Complications. Diabetes Care 2021;44:390–398
Anita Jeyam, Helen Colhoun, Stuart McGurnaghan, Luke Blackbourn, Timothy J. McDonald, Colin N.A. Palmer, John A. McKnight, Mark W.J. Strachan, Alan W. Patrick, John Chalmers, Robert S. Lindsay, John R. Petrie, Sandeep Thekkepat, Andrew Collier, Sandra MacRury and Paul M. McKeigue, on behalf of SDRNT1BIO Investigators

Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1072. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-er04b

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Issues and Events

Open Access
Issues and Events
Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): 1073. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-ie04

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e-Letters

Observations
- Open Access
  How Common Is the Rare Charcot Foot in Patients With Diabetes?
  Ole Lander Svendsen, Oliver Christian Rabe, Matilde Winther-Jensen and Kristine Højgaard Allin
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e62-e63. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2590
  
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- Open Access
  Association Between DPP-4 Inhibitors and COVID-19–Related Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
  Yunha Noh, In-Sun Oh, Han Eol Jeong, Kristian B. Filion, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu and Ju-Young Shin
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e64-e66. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1824
  
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- Open Access
  Survival After Islet Transplantation in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes: Twenty-Year Follow-Up
  Joana R.N. Lemos, David A. Baidal, Camillo Ricordi, Virginia Fuenmayor, Ana Alvarez and Rodolfo Alejandro
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e67-e68. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2458
  
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Comments and Responses
- Open Access
  Comment on Tynjälä et al. Arterial Stiffness Predicts Mortality in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2266–2271
  José-Miguel González-Clemente, Gemma Llauradó, Albert Cano, Olga Giménez-Palop, Eugenia Berlanga and Joan Vendrell
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e69-e70. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2688
  
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- Open Access
  Response to Comment on Tynjälä et al. Arterial Stiffness Predicts Mortality in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2266–2271
  Anniina Tynjälä, Carol Forsblom, Valma Harjutsalo, Per-Henrik Groop and Daniel Gordin, on behalf of the FinnDiane Study Group
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e71-e72. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0074
  
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- Open Access
  Comment on Samara et al. Metformin Use Is Associated With Slowed Cognitive Decline and Reduced Incident Dementia in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2691–2701
  Jorge Rafael Violante-Cumpa, Luis Alberto Pérez-Arredondo, José Gerardo González-González and Leonardo Guadalupe Mancillas-Adame
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e73. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2881
  
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- Open Access
  Response to Comment on Samara et al. Metformin Use Is Associated With Slowed Cognitive Decline and Reduced Incident Dementia in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2691–2701
  Katherine Samaras, John D. Crawford, Brian Draper, Julian N. Trollor, Henry Brodaty and Perminder S. Sachdev
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e74. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0077
  
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- Open Access
  Comment on Hásková et al. Real-time CGM Is Superior to Flash Glucose Monitoring for Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes: The CORRIDA Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2744–2750
  Alexander Seibold
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e75-e76. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2905
  
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- Open Access
  Response to Comment on Hásková et al. Real-time CGM Is Superior to Flash Glucose Monitoring for Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes: The CORRIDA Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2020;43:2744–2750
  Jan Šoupal, Aneta Hásková and Martin Prázný
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e77-e78. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0078
  
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- Open Access
  Comment on Garofolo et al. Insulin Resistance and Risk of Major Vascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in Type 1 Diabetes: A 10-Year Follow-up Study. Diabetes Care 2020;43:e139–e141
  José-Miguel González-Clemente, Gemma Llauradó, Lara Albert, Olga Giménez-Palop, Eugenia Berlanga and Joan Vendrell
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e79-e80. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2934
  
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- Open Access
  Response to Comment on Garofolo et al. Insulin Resistance and Risk of Major Vascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in Type 1 Diabetes: A 10-Year Follow-up Study. Diabetes Care 2020;43:e139–e141
  Monia Garofolo, Elisa Gualdani, Cristina Bianchi, Michele Aragona, Fabrizio Campi, Daniela Lucchesi, Giuseppe Daniele, Roberto Miccoli, Paolo Francesconi, Stefano Del Prato and Giuseppe Penno
  
  Diabetes Care 2021 Apr; 44 (4): e81. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0079
  
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Table of Contents

Editor's Note

Perspectives in Care

Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research

Epidemiology/Health Services Research

Emerging Therapies: Drugs and Regimens

Emerging Technologies: Data Systems and Devices

Pathophysiology/Complications

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk

Novel Communications in Diabetes

Meta-analysis

Errata

Issues and Events

e-Letters

Observations

Comments and Responses

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